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OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 395 



scarcely more than a smootliisli state of C. macilenta (" verbis magis 

 quam re vera diversa," Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 15G) ; while most per- 

 fectly developed specimens of the American lichen are, as respects col- 

 or, size, and, quite commonly, shape, so similar to fine ones of C. cornii- 

 copioides, as to be readily at the first glance mistaken for the latter, or 

 even — the constant dissolution of the scyphus in C. cristatella being 

 interpreted as in some other species — plausibly to be reckoned a hith- 

 erto unknown, symphycarpious variety of it. Such symphycarpious 

 states should, however, be connected with the scyphiferous states from 

 which they descend by intermediate conditions ; and these appear to be 

 wholly wanting in C. cristatella, as in C mitrula ; both being always 

 ascyphous, and the dissolution of the apices into bi-anchlets appearing 

 therefore to be, in both cases, normal. 



h. RAMOSA : podetiis c£espitose-conjunctis hie illic inferne patulo-ra- 

 mulosis superne demum sub-dichotomo-divisis. G. cristatella, Tuckerm. 

 1. c. On the earth, in sterile places ; White Mountains, Oakes. Sub- 

 caispitose ; the podetia here and there sending out short branchlets be- 

 low, not unlike similar ones in some fruticulose species ; and above, 

 very much dichotomously divided. A luxuriant form of a, exhibiting 

 sometimes an approach to a fruticulose habit, and the axils now and 

 then subperforate. The apices are commonly much more divided than 

 in a ; but the cristate habit, which suggested the name, is also conspicu- 

 ous in the latter. 



c. OCHROCARPIA, apotheciis carneo-luteolis. C. Floerlciana, ochro- 

 carpia, Tuckerm. Exs. 1. c. G. suhstraminea, Nyl. Syn. p. 204. On 

 the earth in high, sterile regions, many years since burnt over, on the 

 lower ridges of the White Mountains (Mount Crawford) ; frequent, in 

 various states, and passing directly into a. Less common in lower 

 districts. Saratoga Springs, New York. Manchester, Massachusetts, 

 Mr. Oakes. 



Cladonia gracilenta (sp. nov.) : thalli squamulis minutis laci- 

 niatis stramineis subtus albis ; podetiis scyphiferis elongatis gracilibus 

 membranaceo-corticatis glabris stramineis (flavidis) vage elongato- 

 ramosis, ramis patulis intricatis hie illic ramulisve subulatis ; scyphis 

 angustatis margine dentato proliferis, fertilibus superne incrassatis 

 firabriato-radiatis ; apotheciis coccineis. Rotten logs in the edge of 

 savannas near Sagra, island of Cuba, 3Ir. Wright. Thallus minute, of 

 scattered, at first crenate, but finally linear-lobed, thin, straw-colored 

 scales. Podetia slender, or very slender, and much elongated (reach- 



