OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 399 



tissue. The place of tbe species just referred to being determined, I 

 cannot hesitate to place this next to it, and in the same genus. 



Parmelia Japonica, sp. nov. : thallo foliaceo-imbricato subcori- 

 aceo laesvi glaucescente, laciniis sinuato-multifidis moniliformi-constrictis 

 plano-convexis apice palmato-cristulatis subtus albis pulvinulis spon- 

 gioso-pannosis fusco-atris interrupte tectis ; apotheciis mediocribus 

 spadiceis margine incurvo subcrenato. On birch trunks at the sum- 

 mit of mountains, N. E. of Hakodadi, Japan, 3Ir. Wright. Thallus 

 more rigid than that of P. physodes, and agreeing rather in this, as in 

 some other respects, with P. colpodes, from .which it differs in the re- 

 markable constriction of its narrowed, many-cleft lobes into short, joint- 

 like, wedge-shaped, or irregularly-rounded portions, — a feature notice- 

 able throughout, but especially so in the repeatedly-palmate or crested 

 apices, — and in the spongy hypothallus (consisting, like that of the 

 American lichen, as described by Nylander, 1. c. p. 404, of much- 

 branched, anastomosing, short-jointed, brown filaments) being broken 

 up into separate, roundish-irregular, convex cushions. The only pub- 

 lished species with which I can compare this is P. moniliformis, 

 Babingt. N. Zeal., p. 23, t. 127, f. 3, referred to the older P. angicstcda, 

 Pers., by Nylander, Syn. p. 403), the lobes of which appear by the 

 description to be " constricted, especially towards the apices, or even 

 moniliform-constricted," and the underside clothed " interruptedly with 

 spongy pulvinules" (Nyl. 1. c). But the plant of Babington, as fig- 

 ured, is a small lichen of the ochroleucous series (" facie fere Parmelice 

 incurvce" Nyl. 1. c.) with " attenuate apices " ; while the present be- 

 longs to the glaucescent series, and has the size and aspect of the finest 

 conditions of P. physodes and P. colpodes. I have entirely failed to 

 detect spores in the apothecia of either of the five specimens. The spores 

 of P. colpodes, which are crowded in large numbers in the polysporous, 

 wedge-shaped spore-sacks, are more or less oblong or fusiform-oblong, 

 and soon hooked or crescent-shaped ; the length from three to six 

 times exceeding the diameter. Those oi P. physodes, on the other 

 hand, occur in eights, and vary from spherical to ovoid ; and those of 

 P. angustata, as described, appear to be similar. 



PHYSCIDIA, Genus novum. Apothecia scutelliformia, excipulo 

 thallino recepta. Discus ceraceus, hypothecio tenui strato medullari im- 

 posito enatus. Sporge aciculares incolores. Thallus foliaceus, expansus, 

 hypothallo byssino pannoso-intertexto aut crustaceus subsquamaceo- 

 granulosus. Habitu ad Physciam proprie sic dictam accedit, at dis- 

 tincta hypothallo sporisque. 



