222 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



Tribe XII. Trillieee. Flowers terminal, on solitary or umbellate naked 

 pedicels subtended by a pair or whorl of leaves upon an otherwise naked stem 

 (a second whorl in Medeola), from a thick or tuberous rootstock. Perianth 

 spreading, the segments mostly dissimilar in the two series, the outer often 

 herbaceous, without glands. Stigmas sessile or nearly so, linear, channelled, 

 persistent (except in Medeola). Fruit dry or berry-like. Seeds horizontal or 

 ascending. Leaves broadly ovate to oblanceolate, mostly net-veined. 



* Flowers umbellate; segments dissimilar, all petaloid, several-nerved, 

 deciduous: stamens 3; anthers attached above the base : stigmas persistent: 

 fruit dry, 1-celled with parietal placentae, many-seeded. Nearly acaulescent; 

 leaves a radical pair, with numerous parallel nerves and transverse veinlets. 

 — Subtribe Scohope^;. 



36. Scoliopus. Flowers purplish, on slender flexuous pedicels ; 

 outer segments lanceolate, inner narrowly linear. Anthers ob- 

 long ; filaments short, filiform-subulate. Style short ; stigmas 

 recurved. Fruit thin-membranous, bursting irregularly, trique- 

 trous, oblong, acute at each end, placentiferous at the angles. 

 Seeds oblong, striate longitudinally, with light-colored testa, dark 

 chalaza and crested rhaphe. Rootstock short with numerous 

 fleshy-fibrous roots : whole plant brown-punctate, glabrous. 



* * Flowers umbellate ; segments similar, several-nerved, deciduous : 

 anthers attached above the base : stigmas (3 or 4) sessile, deciduous : fruit a 

 few-seeded berry: stem slender, bearing two distant whorls of 3-nerved net- 

 veined leaves. — Subtribe Medeole^e. 



37. Medeola. Flowers greenish-white, on recurved pedicels ; seg- 

 ments oblong, obtuse, recurved. Anthers oblong ; filaments 

 filiform. Stigmas elongated, divaricate. Berry subglobose, pur- 

 ple. Seeds roundish. Rootstock tuberous with slender rootlets. 



* * * Flowers solitary ; outer segments herbaceous ; inner petaloid, net- 

 veined, marcescent : anthers adnate, usually introrse : stigmas sessile, per- 

 sistent : fruit a many-seeded berry : stem with a single whorl of 3-5-nerved 

 net-veined leaves. 



38. Trillium. Flowers white to purple, sessile or pedicellate ; seg- 

 ments ovate to linear-lanceolate, more or less spreading or 

 recurved, the outer smaller. Anthers linear ; filaments linear- 

 subulate. Stigmas linear or subulate, usually recurved above. 

 Fruit reddish, ovate or subglobose, 3-lobed or more often 6-angled 

 or -winged, occasionally 1-celled with parietal placentae. Seeds 

 ovate, scarcely striate, with thick rhaphe. 



SERIES III. Perianth persistent ; segments distinct, 1-several-nerved. Sta- 

 mens at the base of the perianth ; anthers extrorse, versatile, small, distinctly 

 2-celled except in Veratrece. Styles or sessile stigmas distinct. Capsule 

 septicidal, triquetrous. Seeds ascending, with loose testa or more or less 



