244 PEOCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



18. POLYGONATUM, Tourn. 



1. P. biflorum, Ell. Stem slender, usually declinate, 1| to 3 

 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, mostly narrow at 

 base, 2 to 4 inches long, pubescent beneath : pedicels jointed at or 

 very near the base of the flower, 3 to 6 lines long, naked : flowers 

 1 or 2 (rarely 3) at each axil, 4 to 6 lines long. — Convallaria hi flora, 

 Walt. C. pubescens, Willd. Hort. Berol. t. 45. C. canaliculata, Muhl. ; 

 Willd. 1. c. P. angustifolium, canaliculatum, pubescens, multiflorum 

 and hirtum, Pursh. Canada (New Brunswick to Winnipeg Valley) to 

 Florida ; wooded hillsides. 



2. P. giganteum, Dietr. Glabrous throughout : stem somewhat 

 curved, 2 to 7 feet high : leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, usually 

 clasping by a broad base, 3 to 8 inches long : pedicels jointed below 

 (J to 1 line or more) the base of the flower, \ to 3 inches long in- 

 cluding the common peduncle, frequently with narrow bracts : flowers 

 1 to 10 or more, 5 to 9 lines long. — Otto, Gartenz. 1835, 222. Con- 

 vallaria commutata, Schult. Syst. 7. 1671. P. commutatum and P. 

 parviflorum, Dietr. 1. c. P. latifolium, var. commutatum, Baker, 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. 14. 555, chiefly. New England to Lake Win- 

 nipeg and the Upper Missouri, and from Virginia to New Mexico ; 

 meadows and river-banks. Neither P. latifolium nor P. multiflorum 

 is American, though the latter is frequent in cultivation ; both have 

 the pedicel jointed at the base of the flower. 



19. SMILAC1NA, Desf. 



* Flowers on very short pedicels in a terminal racemose panicle : stamens 

 exceeding the small (a line long) oblong-lanceolate segments : ovules col- 

 lateral. 



1. S. racemosa, Desf. More or less pubescent: rootstock stout : 

 stem 1 to 3 feet high, somewhat flexuous : leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 mostly narrowly acuminate, abruptly short-petioled : style very short : 

 berry reddish, purple-dotted, 3 lines broad, usually 1 -seeded: seed 

 whitish, 2 lines in diameter. — Ann. Mus. Par. 9. 51 ; Torr. Fl. N. 

 York, 2. 298, t. 130. Convallaria racemosa, Linn.; Sims, Bot. Mag. 

 t. 899. Tovaria, Necker ; Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 14. 570. Poly- 

 gonastrum, Moench. Maianthemum, Link. S. ciliata, Desf. 1. c, t. 9. 

 New Brunswick to Winnipeg Valley, south to S. Carolina and 

 Arkansas. 



2. S. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Similar : leaves ovate to lanceolate, 

 rarely at all acuminate, mostly sessile and clasping at base : style 



