GEOLOGY. 147 



money and kept the accounts. It appears that there was no other em- 

 ployment connected with that of treasurer. It is enough oi' itsell". 



Owing to these excellent regulations and their punctilious observ- 

 ance, the tour was continued and terminated with the greatest ease and 

 convenience. When the President discovered a village, it was not ne- 

 cessary for all the company to ride thither, but the geographer alone 

 was sent to enter it. If some particular mineral or fossil was found in 

 the way, the geologist was directed to alight ; at the sight of some cu- 

 rious plant or insect the botanist or zoologist did his duty : they took 

 the respective objects with them, and prepared a description to be in- 

 serted at night in the transactions. 



At night they all met togetlier. The President tlien dictated to the 

 Secretary the memoranda collected by each naturalist, beginning with 

 the geographer and ending with the steward. 



3Iany valuable discoveries were made during tliis tour, all of wliicli 

 have been printed in various works. Tliis is but a sample of many ex- 

 peditions which the illustrious Linne made, the fruits of which the sci- 

 entific world will enjoy to the end ol" time. j. g. m. 



GEOLOGY. NO. III. 



The great Coal Measures 



In the last number of the Journal, fossils or the remains of animals 

 and vegetables, which are found extensively distributed, and existing in 

 considerable abundance, were adduced as affording conclusive evidence 

 of the comparatively recent formation of the rocks in which they occur. 

 Their great interest forbids that they should not be passed over with 

 tliat general notice. Some of them, at least, deserve a somewhat more 

 extended examination. 



5. Amongst these, the great coal measures or beds of mineral coal 

 cannot fail to arrest tiie most lively attention of our in(juircr into the 

 structure and natural liistory of the earth, both on account of their vast 

 extent and great utility to mankind. 



Having ascertained tlie fact, that the stratified rocks maintain, in all 

 countries, the same invariable relation to each other in the order of their 

 superposition, we derive the important advantage from the knowledge of 

 this fact that we know precisely where to look for any particular stra- 

 tum of the series. That rock or stratum, for instance, which is below 

 another, in one region of country, is below the same every where else, 

 except it should be where the folding of str-ata may have produced a 

 local inversion. Beds of coal have likewise their lixed place in the as- 



