CJNOTHERIUM. 223 



Kaup gives the animal an intermediate place between the Tapir and the 

 Mastodon, forming a new link in the family of Pachydermata. 



The Dinotherium differs from every other animal in several re- 

 markable particulars, forming the distinguishing characteristics of the 

 genus. It is supplied with two enormous tusks, and what is very re- 

 markable these tusks which are nearly six inches in diameter at the 

 maximillary extremity, are not attached to the upper but to the lower 

 jaw of the Walrus. The lower jaw is four feet long, and the whole 

 length of the animal, according to Cuvier, could not have been less than 

 eighteen feet. 



In the Western states, bones have been found which bear a great 

 analogy to those described by Cuvier and Kaup, and are supposed to 

 belong to an extinct animal of the same genus ; they were discovered 

 near Evansville, la., and from an account published by Dr. Casselberry 

 we obtain the following facts : 



The fossil bones are found in alluvion of a particular character, con- 

 sisting of sand, clay, logs, decayed leaves, fresh water shells, with an 

 occasional boulder of red sandstone, a blue carbonate of lime. Some 

 of the logs are in such perfect preservation that the particular species of 

 trees to which they belonged can be easily recognized ; among them are 

 found the white and black oaks which with many other species grow 

 luxuriantly on the banks of Ohio. The leaves are very brittle, but the 

 forms of many can be leadily distinguished, and the species ascertained. 

 The shells are much more abundant in the immediate neighborhood of 

 the fossil bones than in any other part of the deposit. The pelvic bone, 

 the phalanges and others, were when found, covered with a ferruginous 

 and testaceous deposit, consisting of small shells connected with oxide 

 of iron. This deposit was of considerable strength, and required great 

 care in its removal, as the bones were very brittle and became more so 

 by exposure to the atmosphere. 



The position in which the different bones were found renders it 

 very probable that the skeleton was deposited entire, since the whole 

 space which they occupy does not greatly exceed the probable length 

 of the animal, whereas had they been brought from a distance in a dis- 

 jointed state by currents of water, the fragments would probably have 

 been much more widely separated. This single fact, however, is not 

 sufficient to prove that the animal was contemporaneous with the forma- 

 tion of the alluvion, particularly as similar remains in other parts of the 

 world have been found only in the tertiary deposits. The bones which 

 have been found were washed out by the current of the river, and it is 

 possible that many of the smaller ones may have been removed by the 



