108 Mr. P. C. Mitchell on the 



the eutaxic forms C. amer'icana (Plate IV. fig. 5) alone has 

 remained heliindliand in the specialization of this muscle. In 

 C. inda (Plate V. fig. 6), H. pileata (Plate V. fig. 8), H. rvfa 

 (Plate V. fig. 9), Alcedo asiatica (Plate V. fig. 10), A. ispida, 

 A. bengalensis, and Ceyx rvfidorsa. the division is practically 

 complete, so that the Passerine condition of two muscles has 

 been reached. In Cittiira cyanotis ( Plate V. fig. 7) the same 

 stage lias been reached with the further specialization of the 

 brevis division of the muscle into two minor peaks. 



Pectoralis propctugiuiis. — Tie most common and wide- 

 spread condition of the pcctoial contribution to the alar 

 muscles is the occurrence of a slip, muscular and tendinous, 

 from the pectoral muscle to the lonyus and brevis tendons. 

 This condition occurs in all the diastataxic forms (Plates 

 IV. & v., various figures, p.l. and p.b.) : in some of the 

 eutaxic forms the longus division becomes more specialized; 

 the brevis tends to disappear, in Alcedo, Ceryle inda, and 

 Ceyx ryfidorsa it has completely disappeared. 



Alar Tendons. — The deltoides propatagialis and pectornles 

 propatagicilis are attached to a set of tendons of which the 

 structure and modifications in birds generally have been 

 attended to by Garrod, Gadow (9), Beddard, Fiirbringer, 

 and a host of other anatomists, Fiirbringer in particular 

 having made a gicat stride towards classification and 

 coordination of the materials. In the longus tendon among 

 Kinjifishers 1 have not found differences of moment, but the 

 brevis tendon offers conditions of great interest. I will 

 begin by setting out the anatomical data. In Ceryle maxima 

 (Plate IV. fig. 2) there is a broad diffuse band of fasciae 

 stretching from the deltoides to the extensor muscles^ and 

 receiving the pectoralis tendon. The edges of this are 

 thickened, and a stronger slip, the "a^'^of Fiirbringer, is 

 attached to the extensor metacarjji radialis, distad of the 

 main fasciae. In Ceryle alcyon (Plate IV. fig. 3 ; and Beddard 

 (4), fig. 2) there is a similar broad band of fasciae, but in it 

 three thicker strands exist. The first is in continuity with 

 the peak of the palagial muscle mo>t near the humerus, and 

 at its distal end bends towards the elbow ; it is the " 7 " of 



