14 ASCAROIDEA 



8. Africana Travassos, 1920. 



Lips well developed, subglobular, without " cordons," 

 expanded anteriorly and laterally into cuticular flanges. 

 Oesophagus with a pharynx and a bulb. Tail of male 

 straight and conical. Caudal alae somewhat reduced, barely 

 extending beyond the cloaca. Papillae sessile and mostly small. 

 Spicules long and slender, equal or unequal. No accessory piece. 

 Uterine branches apparently opposed. Eggs with thick shell. 



Hab. Alimentary canal of Lizards and Chameleons. 



Genotype : A. [Heterakis] africana (Gendre, 1909). 



Gendre, 1909, Proc. Verb. Soc. Linn., Bordeaux, Ixiii, 33; 

 Travassos, 1920, Mem. Inst. Osw. Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, xii, 48. 



Subfam. 2. SUBULURINAE Travassos, 1914. 



Lips much reduced or absent. A cylindrical buccal capsule 

 present, except in Cissophyllus, in which the lips are well 

 developed. Oesophagus without pharyiageal portion (except 

 in CissojjJiyllus) and with a posterior bulb. Preanal sucker 

 antero-posteriorly elongated, fusiform or elliptical. Vulva 

 usually about the middle of the body, occasionally posterior. 

 Eggs usually containing embryos when laid. 



The genus Cissophyllus is exceptional in so many particulars 

 that it appears to occupy a position intermediate between 

 this subfamily and the Heterakinae. Mawpasina is excep- 

 tional in that the preanal sucker appears to have been replaced 

 by a vesicular swelling, and in the position of the vulva. 



1. Subulura MoUn, 1860. 



Syn. Allodapa Diesing, 1861. 



Lips rarely apparent. Mouth usually oval or hexagonal, 

 with its long axis dorso-ventral. Buccal capsule with three 

 teeth at its base. Lateral cervical alae frequently present. 

 Tail of male with more or less weU-developed alae. Caudal 

 papillae sessile, eleven pairs or fewer. Spicules two, equal, 

 slender, alate. An accessory piece present. Preanal sucker 

 fusiform. Eggs subglobular, usually containing embryos 

 when laid. 



Hab. Alimentary canal of Birds, Mammals and ( ?) Fishes. 



Genotype : S. acutissima Molin, 1860. 



Molin, 1860, Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss., Wien, xl, 332 ; Diesing, 

 1861, Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss., Wien, xlii, 614, 644; Seurat, 1914, 

 Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique Nord, Alger, vi. 195 ; Barreto, 

 1919, Mem. Inst. Osw. Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, xi, 12. 



2. Oxynema v. Linstow, 1899. 

 Lips not apparent. Mouth circular. Buccal capsule with 

 three teeth at its base. Tail of male with slight alae. Cavidal 



