ACUARIINAE 217 



papillae present. Spicules very unequal. An accessory piece 

 present. Vulva towards the posterior end of the body. 



Hab. Adults in mouth, oesophagus, or stomach of Mammals, 

 or crop of Birds, in galleries in the thickness of the mucous 

 membrane. Larvae in Cockroaches and coprophagous Beetles. 



Genotype : G. [Filaria] musculi (Rudolphi, 1819). 



Rudolphi, 1819, Entozoorum Synopsis, 8; Molin, 1857, 

 Atti. 1st. Veneto di Sci., Lett, ed Arti, ii, 146, 216 ; Hall, 1916, 

 Proc. U.S. Nat. Mm. 1, 191 ; Baylis, 1925, Journ. Comp. 

 Path. Ther., Edinburgh, xxxviii, 46. 



Hall (1916) has proposed a subfamily Gongyloneminae to 

 include only Gongylonema. We consider the formation of a 

 separate subfamily for this genus unnecessary at present. 

 Gongylonema can quite conveniently be appended to the sub- 

 family Arduenninae. 



Subfam. 3. ACUARIINAE RaiUiet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912. 



Lips conical and quite distinct, but very small. Anterior 

 end provided with " cordons," " epaulettes " or other homo- 

 logous cuticular structures. Buccal capsule thin-waUed, with- 

 out thickenings. Typically four pairs of preanal papillae in 

 the male. No accessory piece. 



1. Acuaria Bremser, 1811. 



Syn. Anthuris Rudolphi, 1819 ; Spiroptera Rudolphi, 1819 ; 

 Dispharagus Dujardin, 1845. 



Anterior end without vesicular swelling, but bearing four 

 cuticular " cordons " in the form of grooves or bands salient 

 from, or counter sunk in, the cuticle. The cordons extend 

 sometimes directly backwards or, more often, return forwards. 

 They may be joined in pairs across the lateral lines. 



Hab. Oesophagus, crop or gizzard (free or in wall) of Birds. 

 Genotjrpe : A. [Spiroptera] anthuris (Rudolphi, 1819). 



Bremser, 1811, Nachricht von einer betrachtlichen Sammlung 

 thierischer Eingeweideioilrmer, Vienna, 11, et passim; Rudolphi, 

 1819, Entozoorum Synopsis, 25, 243 ; RaiUiet, Henry & Sisoff, 

 1912, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, Ixxiii, 622; Baylis & 

 Daubney, 1922; 3Iem. Ind. Mus., vii, 321. 



This genus includes, in our view (1922, 321), eight sub- 

 genera, as follows : — 



Subgen. la. Acuaria Bremser, 1811, emend. RaiUiet, Henry & 



Sisoff, 1912. 

 " Cordons " run straight posteriorly, being non-recurrent 

 and not anastomosed. Six to eight pairs of postanal papillae 

 in the male. Spicules short, thick and subequal. 



