SPIROXYINAE 233 



Owen, 1836, Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 123 ; Diesing, 1838, 



Ber. Versamml. deidsch. Naturf. u. Aerzte in Prag, 189 ; 1839, 



Ann. Wien. Mus. Naturg., ii, 222; Baylis & Lane, 1920, 

 Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 292. 



2. Echinocephalus Molin, 1858. 



Head-bulb armed with transverse rows of hooks. No 

 external evidence of "ballonets." Body unarmed. No 

 cuticular collar behind the head- bulb. Tail of male slightly 

 alate. Eight pairs of caudal papillae present, the most 

 anterior pair always separated by a long interval from the 

 rest. Spicules slightly unequal. Vulva near posterior end 

 of body. Two uterine branches. 



Hab. Intestine (usually in spiral valve region) of Elasmo- 

 branch Fishes. 



Genotype : E. uncinatiis Molin, 1858, emend. Baylis & 

 Lane, 1920. 



Molin, 1858, 8itz. k. Akad. Wiss., Wien, xxviii, 154; v. 

 Linstow, in Shipley & Hornell, 1904, Rep. Ceylon Pearl Oyster 

 Fisheries, Royal Society, London, 100 ; Shipley & Hornell, 

 1905, o^j. cit., 54 ; Baylis & Lane, 1920, Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 

 275. 



3. Tanqua R. Blanchard, 1904. 



Syn. Gtenocephalus v. Linstow, 1904, nee Kolenati, 1857 ; 

 Tetradenos v. Linstow, 1904 ; Anomala Travassos, 1920. 



Head-bulb coarsely striated transversely, unarmed. Two 

 or four "ballonets," visible externally. Body unarmed. A 

 cuticular collar present behind the head-bulb. Tail of male 

 with well-developed alae. Eight pairs of caudal papillae 

 present, some of which have large swellings on their pulps. 

 Spicules equal. Vulva in posterior half of body. Either 

 two opposed uterine branches, or three anterior and one 

 posterior. 



Hab. Stomach of semi-aquatic Lizards and Snakes. 

 Genotype : T. [Ascaris] tiara (v. Linstow, 1879). 



V. Linstow, 1879, Jahresh. Ver. Vater. Naturk. in Wurttemb., 

 Stuttgart, XXXV, 320 ; R. Blanchard, 1904, J^rch. Parasitol., 

 Paris, viii, 478 ; Baylis & Lane, 1920, Proc Zool. Soc, London, 

 258. 



Subfam. 2. SPIROXYINAE Baylis & Lane, 1920. 



No head-bulb, " ballonets " or cervical sacs. Lips wide, with 

 narrowed base and trefoil-shaped pulp. The thickened por- 

 tion of the internal cuticle of each lip projects anteriorly as a 

 sharp tooth. 



