88 " GynandromorphUm" and Kimlred Problems 



ab. nigra, and those on the right typical. The thorax and abdomen 

 were equal on the two sides and half black, half typical. 



The specimen is a female. By the courtesy of Mr Tait I am enabled 

 to figure it (PI. XXI, fig. 2). It was bred from a brood of Huddersfield 

 larvae, all the rest of which produced ordinary grossulariata. 



Mr G. T. Porritt has proved by his careful breeding experiments 

 that the rare ab. nigra is the extreme form of the ab. nigrosparsata, and 

 like it does not breed on simple Mendelian lines. The ab. nigra x ab. 

 nigrosparsata produced all typical grossulariata in i^, and again in F„, 

 as also occurred in a cross of nigrosparsata x nigrosparsata. Yet 

 another pairing of nigrosparsata x nigrosparsata produced all nigro- 

 sparsata in Fi and all grossulariata type in Fo (Entom. Monthly Mag. 

 1914, p. 65). 



(4) Tephrosia biundularia (crepuscularia). 



Barrett in his British Lepidoptera states that in Derbyshire and 

 other parts of the Midlands specimens of this insect are found in which 

 the wings are largely of the melanic form ab. delamerensis, but with 

 sharply defined areas, often wedge shaped, of the cream colour of the 

 type form. One of these is figured. Eighteen examples were in 

 Mr G. 0. Day's collection and were, I believe, bred from one pair. 

 There were no external evidences of gynandromorphism, and they are 

 probably to be regarded as instances of the segregation of a Mendelian 

 dominant character (ab. delamerensis) from a recessive (type colour). 



(.5) Chelonia caia L. 



(a) The left side typical with brown and white forewing, and red 

 hindwing with blue-black spots, the whole of the right forewing uni- 

 colorous brown, and the hindwing blackish brown with the metallic 

 spots showing very faintly. This was bred from a Huddersfield larva, 

 and is in Mr Sidney Webb's collection. A figure is given in Mosley's 

 Varieties of British Lepidoptera, Chelonia, Plate VI, fig. 3. The wholly 

 dark form is a very lare aberi-ation. 



{h) Wings, right side typical, left side completely melanic; abdomen 

 normal. This is a female. Standfuss, Handbuch, p. 206. 



(6) Arctia villica. 



An exactly halved example with the right side typical, the left 

 albinistic. The left forewing has all the normal black ground colour 

 replaced by creamy yellow, the hindwiugs are of the normal rich yellow 

 with black spots, but the spots are not symmetrical on the two sides. 



