E. A. Cockayne 97 



famous Eugster hive near Constance, hundreds were bred over a period 

 of four years. These were all the offspring of one queen of the Italian 

 race, which probably paii'ed with a German drone. Von Sicbold alone 

 received more than 200 and dissected 87 and Menzel dissected 80 more. 

 The gynandromiirphs wen^ of various forms, predominantly dron(>-like, 

 half drone, half worker and predominantly like a worker (impei'fect 

 female). Four of these have been dissected and figured by Elsa Mehling. 



One of the Anergates utratulus throws a little light on the psychology 

 of these creatures. It first tried repeatedly, but in vain, to pair with a 

 female, and later on a male tried in vain to pair with it. 



It falls into the group of primary somatic hermaphrodites having 

 a testis but no ovary. The external genitalia were on the right of 

 female type but imperfect, on the left of male type. The second was 

 similar but had external genitalia of male type. 



The Eugster bees were some of them genetic hermaphrodites of 

 <lifferent forms, others secondary somatic hermaphrodites of different 

 forins. 



Hereditary Gi/nandronwi'phi.sin probubli/ of Indirect Descent. 



Mr L. W. Newman for some years has bred a number of gynandro- 

 morphous Aniorpltu popidi; in successive years he bred 17, 14, 11 and 2 

 out of totals of 2000, 1500, 1000 and 800 approximately. This year 

 I have bred three from 500 of his pupae. This gives about 1 7o of 

 gynandromorphs. Newman has also bred a good many hybrid ^4. ocel- 

 latus (/ X 4. popidi $ in recent years, using females of A. populi from 

 this race. Amongst these hybrids no less than five have been halved 

 gynandromorphs. Only three such examples have been recorded 

 previously. Their occurrence is almost certainly due to the crossing 

 with his gynandromorph-producing strain and not connected with the 

 fact that the female hybrid is always replaced by a peculiar form of 

 symmetrical gynandroniorph. In 1914-5 one of these families produced 

 1*5 c/c/, three synnaetrical gynandromorphs and one halved gynandro- 

 niorph (L. </, K. $ ). Another in 1912, 25 </(/. ten symmetrical 

 gynandrouKjrphs and two halved gynandromorphs. 



Two of his gynandromorphous A. populi which hatched about the 

 same time and were almost certainly from the same batch of ova showed 

 heterochroism deep pink (?ab. rufescens) female and blue-grey (type) 

 male halves. 



Both are in Mr Brights possession. 



Jouru. of Gen. v 7 



