Fj. a. Cuckav^k 111 



defined from the prevailing brown of the rest of the wing. Similar 

 specimens have been met with elsewhere, but only very rarely. 



These blue scales are either like those of a male in shape or those 

 of the bluest semisijmjvapha, namely smooth-edged, or slightly serrate 

 like the majority of scales on slightly blue females. But in none 

 of them, which I have examined, do male hair scales or androconia 

 occur. 



I have investigated the internal and external gt'uital organs of one, 

 and they were purely female, the external genitalia of another showed 

 normal female characters. A third similar specimen examined by 

 Dr Chapman showed purely female organs, internal and extemal. 



It is doubtful whether these streaks of male colour are really streaks 

 of true male tissue. 



The only specimens resend)ling the Royston examples are two in 

 number, one in Mr Bright's collection taken at Tring in 1899, and one 

 in the Hodgson collection at Cambridge, labelled Bevingdean 7. 9. 1888. 

 In the latter the blue scaling is profuse over the small or right side, 

 and androconia occur on both fore and hindwings. 



A great contrast is presented by a gynandnjmorphous Folyommatus 

 icarus, taken in County Clare in June 1914. This is predominantly 

 female in appearance, though of the blue (approaching ab. coerulea) 

 form. It has small streaks of brighter blue (male colour) on one fore- 

 wing and both hindwings, and on these androconia are as abundant as 

 on similar areas of wing in a noimal male. The abdomen is female in 

 shape, but the external genitalia are purely male in form and in all 

 respects normal (PI. XXIV, fig. 18). 



The only proof of the directly hereditary nature of the condition 

 in Lepidoptera is that given by Wiskott, who quotes a letter from 

 Schutze, saying that a brood of Lymantria (Ocneria) dispur, bred 

 from ova found in the winter, produced 83 pupae. Three gynandro- 

 morphs, males in all external characters except for splashes of female 

 colours on the wings, were bred. The other imagines were normal 

 males and females. 



One of these gynandromorphs paired with a normal female of the 

 same bi-ood, and 65 pupae resulted from a large batch of ova. Nearly 

 half the ova were infertile. From these pupae two gynandromorphs 

 resembling the male parent were bred ; the other imagines were normal. 

 One of the gynandromorphs paired with a nonual female of the same 

 brood and a small batch of ova was laid, 25 °/^ smaller than normal. 

 Most of the resulting larvae died in their first and second instar, 



