Birds from British East Africa and Uganda. 277 



the basal two-thirds of the secondaries white, the innermost 

 having a black band on the outer web only. 



[Irides brown ; bill black, flesh-coloured at base ; legs and 

 toes greyish-flesh. The bird from Annamuget has the bill 

 brownish horn, black at tip. Very common.] 



In naming these specimens I have carefully examined the 

 whole of the African Hoopoes, and have come to the follow- 

 ing conclusions : — 



There is no doubt that many more specimens will have to 

 be collected before workers will agree as to the number of 

 species that can finally be recognised on the African conti- 

 nent ; but I feel sure, as Mr. Bannerman has concluded with 

 regard to the Canary Island birds (cf. Ibis, 1914, p. 253), 

 that too many forms have been described on what will 

 probably prove to be mere individual variations. 



The mainland birds can at once be divided into two 

 groups : those with a white band across the primaries, and 

 those without a white band across the primaries ; and it is 

 the first group I propose to discuss here, leaving the second 

 group to be discussed under the next species. 



Of the group with white-banded primaries we have the 

 following names to deal with as regards the mainland of 

 Africa : — 



Upupa epops epops. 



Upupa epops Linn. Syst. Nat. 10th ed. 1758, p. 117: 

 Sweden. 



Upupa epops major. 



Upupa major Brehm, Vogelf, 1855, p. 78 : Egypt in 

 winter. 



Upupa epops butleri. 



Upupa butleri Madarasz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. vol. ix. 

 1911, p. 339 : Chor-Em-Dul, Blue Nile. 



Upupa senegalensis Sw. Birds W. Africa, vol. ii. 1837, 

 p. 114 : Senegal. 



