278 Mr. C. H. B. Grant on a Collection of 



Upupa somalensis Salvin, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xvi. 1892, 

 p. 13, pi. i. : Somali. 



Upupa intermedia O.-Grant & Reid, Ibis, 1901, p. 6/4 : 

 Hiiliil, S. Abyssinia. 



These, so far as the specimens before us show, range them- 

 selves into : — 



Upupa epops epops. 



A regular visitant to Egypt, Somaliland, Abyssinia, 

 Egyptian Sudan, and British E, Africa between October 

 and March, though some appear to remain, as is shown by two 

 specimens from Somaliland taken in July and September, 

 two from Abyssinia in August, and one from Gambia taken 

 in May. 



Upupa epops major. 



A somewhat larger race which, as shown by Nicoll {cf. 

 Ibis, 1909, p. 483 ; Bull. B. O. C. vol. xxiii. 1909, p. 100 ; 

 and Avicult. Mag. vol. ii. 1911, p. 260, fig.)^ is resident and 

 breeds in Egypt. 



I have been unable to recognise Uj.upa butleri, as T can find 

 no adults that bear out Madarasz^ description, and the only 

 specimens with wings of 125 mm. are obviously immature. 



Upupa senegalensis. 



A brighter, more rufous form, differing at a glance from 

 JJ. e. epops and U. e. major in the rufous sandy mantle and 

 in having no white between the black and rufous of the crest. 

 In most males the basal two-thirds of the secondaries is pure 

 white, though this is not constant, and in most females the 

 white two-thirds of the secondaries is crossed by two black 

 bands, though this also is not always constant. 



Two forms of this rufous Hoopoe under the names Upupa 

 somalensis and Upupa intermedia have been described, and 

 both in my opinion must become synonyms of U. sene- 

 galensis, as the character of the secondaries on which both 

 are based is found in specimens of U. senegalensis from the 

 same locality, as is clearly shown in the text-figure drawn 



