Birds of Kohat and Kurram. 123 



song, often uttering it on the wing. Much more confiding 

 in summer than at other seasons. 



[403,] Sylvia minuscula. The Small Whitethroat. 



Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 603 (small flocks on 

 migration in April). 



521. ? ad. Peiwar, 6500 £t., 22nd April. 



Probably not uncommon, but owing to its close resem- 

 blance to the last species must have often been overlooked. 

 Altogether I shot some half-dozen specimens around Kohat 

 in the cold Aveather. It appears to breed, in company with 

 the last species, in the Kurram Valley, this example having 

 been secured in a locality where many of the latter were then 

 nesting. 



[407.] Phylloscopus tristis. The Brown Willow - 

 Warbler. 



Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 602 (shot one in February) ; 

 Ward, op. cit. xvii. p. 112 (eggs taken in Ladakh). 



56. c? ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 31st December. 



110. c? ad. „ „ 11th February. 



Extremely common up to about 5000 feet from ear^y 

 September till about the middle of May. Found every whercj 

 in gardens, groves, scrub-jungle, and desert; also on stony 

 hill-sides where there is vegetation, in bare stubbles, and 

 standing crops. It frequents more especially the neighbour- 

 hood of water, reed-beds, water-plants, and irrigation cuts. 

 An expert flycatcher and very active. Except in spring, it 

 is very silent. 



[408.] Phylloscopus indicus. The Olivaceous Willow- 

 Warbler. 



Ward, J. B. N. H. S. xvii. p. 112 (eggs taken in August 

 in Ladakh, 11,500 ft.). 



185. (? ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 5th April. 



Passes through Kohat in small numbers on migration in 

 March and April. I only once observed it on the return 

 migration, when a solitary example was seen on the 16th 

 of September. Nests freely in parts of the Safed Koh 

 Ransre. Differs in habits from other Willow-Warblers in 



