242 Lieut. C. H. T. Whitehead on the 



10,000 ft. in July) ; Ward, op. cit. xvii. p. 723 (breeds in 

 Kashmir). 



775. ^. Kohat, 1760 ft., 2nd April. 



The same may be said of this species as of the last, but it 

 is rather more common. 



It may be of interest to add tliat this year (July 1908) 

 I found this species nestinj^ freely from 8800 to 13,000 feet 

 in the Kaghan Valley (Hazara, N.W. Frontier), north of 

 our limits. 



Oates says of M. citreola, " the young probably assume 

 the adult plumage at the first spring moult '^ ; and of the present 

 species, "the young do not appear to differ in any respect 

 from those of M. citreola^ This, however, appears not to be 

 the case, for some individuals certainly breed in the immature 

 plumage. A pair consisting of an adult male and an 

 immature female had made a nest at 12,000 feet, under 

 a stone, and this contained two young birds and one 

 abnormally small egg measuring "72 X "50 inch. In several 

 other instances, too, I observed birds in the pale immature 

 garb with food in the bill, which, from their beliaviour, 

 had evidently broods hard by. 



[840.] Anthus trivialis. The Tree-Pipit. 



Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 605 (common near Quetta 

 in winter) ; Fulton, op. cit. xvi. p. 56 (a few resident 

 between 5000 and 10,000 feet) ; Betham, t. c. p. 832 (found 

 two nests near Quetta in June). 



712. ? ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 19th March. 



Large numbers pass through Kohat and the Kurram 

 Valley from mid-March till mid-May, returning in August, 

 September, and October, but halting in comparatively few 

 cases. 



[840 A.] Anthus pratensis. The Meadow-Pipit. 



708. $ ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 19th March. 



Major Magrath was the first to meet with this species in 

 N.W. India, and in January and February 1908 secured 

 four examples at Bannu. I only met with one at Kohat, 

 but possibly it has been overlooked, owing to its resem- 

 blance to A. trivialis. 



