Birds of Koliat and Kurram. 257 



[1192.] Gyps fulvus. The Griffon Vulture. 



Rattray, J. B. N. H. S. xii. p. 343 (Thall : common); 

 Marshall, op. cit. xv. p. 351 (Quetta : very common) ; 

 Wardj op. cit. xvii. p. 728 (breeds in colonies and is 

 resident). 



Common throughout the District, especially on the 

 Saraana, where it breeds and is resident. Observed in the 

 Kurram Valley up to 8500 feet. 



[1196.] PsEUDOGYPs BENGALENsis. Thc Indian "White- 

 backed Vulture. 



Rattra)^ J. B. N. H. S. xii. p. 343 ; AVard, op, cit. xvii. 

 p. 728 (rare in Kashmir). 



Colonel Rattray recorded this species from Thall, and 

 made the following notes on it : — " Common on the plains 

 round Thall ; they were feeding on the dead transport 

 animals all along the road from Kohat to Thall.*' This 

 was during the Tirah Carapaio-n of 1897-98, wiiich doubtless 

 attracted them to our part of the country, where in times 

 of peace they are unknown. The nearest place where I 

 have seen them is at Rawal Pindi, a hundred miles east 

 of our limits, where, in October 1905, on the occasion of 

 thirteen mules being shot, a great number, in company 

 with Gyps fulvus and N^eophron jjercnopterus, assembled in 

 anticipation of the feast. 



[1197.] Neophron percxopterus. The Egyptian 

 Vulture. 



Rattray, J. B. N. H. S. xii. p. 343 (Thall) ; Marshall, 

 op. cit. XV. p. 351 (Quetta : common in summer) ; Fulton, 

 op. cit. xvi. p. 59 (Chitral : summer visitor from March till 

 September) ; Rattray, t. c. p. G62 (common in the Murree 

 Hills) ; Gumming, t. c. p. 691 (occasionally seen in Seistan); 

 Ward, op. cit. xvii. p. 728. 



The common Scavenger Vulture of the District. A 

 resident everywhere, except on the Samana and in the 

 Kurram Valley, which it leaves on the approach of winter, 

 returning early in March wdth Passer domesticus. Scarce 



