Field-Notes on Vultures and Eagles. 413 



to-day near Samara, Rooks, Crows, Jackdaws, and Starlings 

 were also very numerous. 



June Wth. — This day we reached Moscow, and it seemed 

 curious to see, in the city itself, such birds as the Grey Crow 

 and the Black Kite [M. migrans), neither of which were 

 uncommon. 



I was disappointed on my journey in not seeing any 

 Thrushes, for I have always looked, on Siberia as a stronghold 

 of that family in the breeding-season ; no doubt tiiey keep 

 well within the forests at this time of year, which accounts 

 for my failure to observe them. 



In conclusion I may say that the climatic conditions were 

 very much the same throughout the journey as they are in 

 Great Britain at the same time of the year, except that at 

 "Vladivostok it was abominably hot. I did, however, observe 

 once in Manchuria, and once again in Siberia, some patches 

 of unthawed snow near the railwav line. 



XX. — Field-Notes on Vultures and Eagles. 

 By Brigadier- General H. R. Kelham, C.B., M.B.O.U. 



Colonel Willoughby Verner's interesting work on the 

 Wild Birds of Spain recalls to me birds^-nesting days near 

 Gibraltar as far back as 1873, including the finding of 

 nests of the Egyptian Vulture {Neophron percnopterus) and 

 Bonelli's Eagle [Nisaetus fasciatus), a description of which 

 may be worth recording. 



On reference to an old note-book I find : — 



" Gibraltar, 15th April, 1873, — This has been one of many 

 delightful days in the cork woods, birds'-nesting with 

 Savile Reid, R,E, 



" A short time ago, while hunting with the Calpe Hounds, 

 we noticed Egyptian Vultures and a pair of Bonelli's Eagles 

 sailing about some crags a few miles from the town of San 

 Roque, To-day we revisited the spot. 



*' Riding up a sandy ravine, the steep scrub-clad hills on 



