448 Mr. C. Ingram on the 



82. [CoRVUs TORQUATUs Less. White-breasted Crow. 



I include this bird on the authority of Sir Evan James, 

 who states (' The Long White Mountain/ p. 270) that 

 " White-breasted Crows were common." There is no reason 

 why C. torquatus should not occur in Manchuria. I observed 

 it plentifully round Shanghai in April 1907.] 



83. CoRvus coRONE ORiENTALis. Eastern Carrion-Crow. 

 Tacz. p. 533; Dresser, p. 421 ; Hart. p. 12. 



a. S' Khingan Mts., alt. 3400 ft. June 9, 1908. 



Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black. 



From YingtzUj S. Manchuria, Bianchi records a specimen 

 of C. corone {S , Jan. 9, 1901). He possibly does not con- 

 sider the eastern race worthy of subspecific rank, and most 

 likely his bird is C, corone orientalis. Sir Evan James writes 

 that Crows are common in S. Manchuria. 



84. CoRvus MACRORHYNCHUS JAPONENsis. Japanese 

 Jungle-Crow. 



Tacz. p. 530 ; Dresser, p. 422 ; Ingram, Ibis, 1908, p. 149. 

 a. Near Hunchun. [Nov. 6, 1886.] {E. J.) 

 Compared with Japanese specimens, the bill is not so large 

 in Sir Evan James's bird. 



85. CoRVUS coRAx ussuRiANUs. Ussuriau Raven. 

 Tacz. p. 527 ; Dresser, p. 423 ; Hart. p. 4. 



a. S ' Khingan Mts., alt. 3800 ft. June 15, 1908. 



Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black. 



This example was moulting heavily when shot, so I am 

 unable to give its wing-formula ; however, there seems little 

 doubt that it belongs to this subspecies. 



86. CoRvus FRUGTLEGUs PASTiNATOR. Eastern Rook. 

 Tacz. p. 537 ; Dresser, p. 427 ; Hart. p. 14. 



a. J . Chang-chun, Kirin Province. July 13, 1908. 

 An immature bird. Bianchi received a skin from 

 Yingtzu, killed March 6, 1901. 



