450 Mr, C. Ingram on the 



large birds, their wing-measurements varying from 5*4 in. to 

 5 '65 in. I quite agree with Dr. Hartert when he states that 

 this form is hardly distinguishable from the true Z). major 

 as represented in N. Europe. My birds are almost exactly 

 similar to specimens from that country. 



91. Dendrocopus minor. Lesser Spotted Woodpecker. 



Tacz. p. 103 ; Dresser, p. 444. 



a, 6. (J ? . Khingan Mts., alt. 3800 ft. April 18 and 23, 

 1908. 



Khingan Mts., alt. 3900 ft. April 29, 1908. 

 „ alt. 3500 ft. April 30, 1908. 

 „ alt. 3700 ft. May 2, 1908. 

 „ alt. 3600 ft. May 30, 1908. 

 „ alt. 3700 ft. June 8, 1908. 



Iris red-brown ; feet blackish ; bill bluish-black. 



In my birds the under surface is almost pure white and, 

 in some examples, the under parts are practically free from 

 striations : the measurements are also fairly large. Con- 

 sequently these Manchurian skins may be referred to the 

 subspecies Z>. m. pipra. 



Hargitt gives the distribution of this race (Cat. B. 

 xviii. p. 216) as " from the South Ural Range, across 

 Siberia north of about 55° lat., and into Kamtschatka and 

 Behring Island," but in a footnote he explains that, for want 

 of specimens and absence of information on the subject, he 

 cannot be precise as to the range. Having gone through the 

 extensive series now in the British Museum, I find that the 

 white-bellied race, in the extreme east, extends far south of 

 this latitude. As proof of this, there are good examples from 

 the Ussuri Country as well as mine from the Khingan 

 Mountains. West of the Urals the bird ranges into Lapland. 

 A dingy-bellied form reappears in the Japanese Islands that 

 is very like the typical D. minor. The ranges of the two 

 races undoubtedly overlap to a considerable extent, for 

 Taczanowski describes skins from Dauria that appear to 

 approximate closely to the true D. minor. 



