Birds of Manchuria. 463 



d. ? . Chu-chia Tai, Kirin Province. Aug. 20, 1908. 

 Iris dark brown ; feet flesh-brown ; bill brownish. 



Of a series of Quails, only two are the pure-bred 

 communis, two are obviously hybrids (with brick-red throats 

 and black anchor^marks), while the other two are typical 

 C. japonica. 



Bianchi mentions C. communis from Yingtzu in the south, 

 60 that the bird must inhabit the whole of Manchuria. 



139. CoTURNix JAPONICA T. & S. Japanese Quail. 

 Tacz. p. 780 ; Dresser, p. 686; Ingram, Ibis, 1908, p. 168. 

 a,b.^(S- Khingan Mts., alt. 3400 ft. June 15 and 20, 



19U8. 



Iris dark brown ; feet fleshy brown; bill blackish-brown. 



140. Lyrurus tetrix (Linn.). Black Grouse. 

 Tacz. p. 766 ; Dresser, p. 698. 



a,b. S <S ' Khingan Mts., alt. 3800 ft. April 19 and 22, 

 1908. 



c, ^. (^ ? . „ „ alt. 3700-3900 ft. May 19, 



1908. 



e. S • yy „ alt. 3700 ft. June 6, 1908. 

 S ? . South Manchuria. 1886. 



Iris very dark brown ; feet blackish ; bill black. 



Blackgame must be abundant in parts of Manchuria. I 

 quote from Sir Evan James ('The Long White Mountain,' 

 p. 343) : — " On Nov. 2 we arrived at Ssti chan. ... It was 

 situated on the banks of a rivulet, on the other side of which 

 was a grove of willow-trees about a mile in length. What 

 was our joy to see these trees full of Black Grouse ! We 

 instantly crossed by a narrow, rickety bridge, .... and found 

 them crowded fearlessly on the boughs. So we opened fire on 

 them. The noise at first was only sufficient to make them 

 fly a few yards to the next tree and wait to be shot at 

 again, but eventually they began to get scared.'' Again he 

 describes them as " sitting upon trees as tame as barndoor 

 fowls." 



