THIRD ANNUAL MKKTINC 93 



frequently leave plates in the developing- solution for half an hour, 

 and sometimes for two hours. The best all-around developer is Hautf's 

 "Metol," and for underexposures the one-solution formula (accompany- 

 ing the bottle) diluted with three or even four volumes of water is 

 best. The separate solution formula may be used for underexposures 

 with equally good results by taking one part of each solution and three 

 or four parts of water. With metol, development should proceed until 

 the image has almost disappeared, and the resulting negative will be a 

 pleasant surprise. When only a small portion of the plate is under- 

 exposed, this may be remedied by blowing the breath upon it, through 

 a tube of paper, during development. This will cause the developer 

 to act more energetically upon that part, and will give a better result 

 than when the whole plate has been treated for underexposure. Over- 

 exposed parts — as eggs in a nest — can be retarded by applying bromide 

 solution with a soft brush, tuft of cotton, or the finger, while in the 

 course of development. A little hypo (1 to 2 grains to the ounce of de- 

 veloper) is an excellent restrainer for overexposed plates. 



All photographers have their favorite plates. I prefer Seed's "L. 

 Orthochroniatic" for ordinary work. This is a fast emulsion plate 

 which is slightly sensitive to red and less sensitive to violet and blue 

 than the ordinary dry plate. For photographs in swamps, lakes, or 

 over water, where halation is to be feared, I find Lovell's "backed 

 plates" very fine. These have a black paper backing which must be 

 removed before development. They cost slightly more than the ordinary 

 plates, but their advantages justify the slight additional expense. 



A very valuable little article for bird photographers, is one on "Photo- 

 graphing Animals" in "The Photo-Miniature," for June, 1902, Vol. IV, 

 No. 39. The most valuable recent books are: Among the Water Fowl, 

 by Eev. Herbert K. Job; Bird Studies With a Camera, by Frank M. 

 €hapman; Wild Life at Home, by E. Kearton (English); Photography 

 for Naturalists, by Douglas English (English). 



EECORD OF NEBEASKA OEXITHOLOGY 



ROBERT H. WOLCOTT, LINCOLN 



This contribution is expected to furnish a comjjrehensive view of 

 what has been accomplished with reference to the ornithology of Ne- 

 braska up to the present time and to provide a starting point for a 

 critical study of the birds of the state. It is planned to treat the subject 

 Tinder the following heads: 



I. A bibliography, arranged alphabetically. 



IT. A review of the past changes in the boundaries of Nebraska and 

 a description of the various government survey parties that have 

 traversed the state, tog-ether with, so far as may be possible, 

 an identification of all localities quoted by the early authorities. 



