GG4< Messrs. Robinson and Kloss on Birds from the 



towards the end of November 1907, on our way to Alor 

 Stab, the capital of the State, which is situated some few 

 miles upstream. The river here flows through flat and 

 highly cultivated country, and embouches on a very shallow 

 sea — so shallow that vessels drawing more than ten or eleven 

 feet of water cannot enter the river at any state of the tide. 



The shore on each side of the river-mouth is fringed by 

 very extensive mud-flats, which were frequented at the time 

 of our visit by considerable numbers of shore-birds of several 

 species. Mr. Seimund obtained a considerable number which 

 are noted in the systematic list, but amongst those not secured 

 were observed Pelicans, probably Pelecanus pkilippinensis , 

 the Smaller Adjutant {Leptoptilus jav aniens), the White Ibis 

 (Ibis melanocephala) , and the exceedingly rare Pseudotantalus 

 cinereus, which we have come across on several occasions all 

 along the peninsular coast, but of which we have succeeded 

 in obtaining only one specimen. 



Pulan Paija. — This island is one of a small group a few 

 miles south of Langkawi, between that island and Kuala 

 Kedah. We landed on it for a few hours in December 1907. 

 It is of small size, of no great elevation, and is covered with 

 the usual low jungle. We obtained nothing of any interest 

 on it, only the inevitable Koel (Eudynamis honor at a) and 

 the Drongo Cuckoo (Sumiculus lugubris). 



Pulau Langkawi, which we visited for a few days in 

 November and December 1907, and on which our collectors 

 spent more than a month at the commencement of 1909, is 

 a large island with a maximum length east and west of about 

 twenty miles and a breadth of about ten in a north-and-south 

 direction. The coast is, however, much indented, and there 

 are innumerable off-lying islands ranging in size from the 

 merest rock to one, like Pulau Dayang Bunting, some ten 

 or twelve miles in extent. 



The island is extremely rugged in character, though in the 

 neighbourhood of the two principal villages, Kwah and 

 Kuala Malacca, there are considerable areas of flat land 

 devoted to orchards and to the growing of rice. There is 

 also a good deal of cultivation on the north coast, which we 



