1921.] Birds of North-East Chihli. 17 



long as the beard, and grade into chestnut at the base of 

 the lower fore-neck. The breast has become chestnut by 

 the moulting of the feathers, which are now lanceolate, 

 slightly disintegrated, and of considerable lengtli. The 

 lesser wing-coverts are pure pale grey, spotted with white. 

 The wing measures from 'l^h to 244 inches. 



The adult bird in autumn and winter has the throat 

 whitish, the head, fore-neck, and breast of a clear light grey, 

 the feathers of the breast being rounded, with occasionally 

 a few dashes of chestnut. There is a well-developed narrow 

 crest which in spring is almost as light-coloured as the rest 

 of the head. 



The female plumage undergoes apparently much the same 

 development as the male with regard to the wing-quills and 

 rectrices. The breast has in spring a slight admixture of 

 tawny chestnut. 



The foregoing description of the male in spring plumage 

 is taken from four males shot in spring at Chinwangtao or 

 Shanhaikuan : — one adult in full breeding dress, one adult 

 moulting into the full breeding dress, a male in its third 

 year, and a young male ot the previous year. Besides these, 

 I have seen another adult spring male and, on the 4th 

 of February, 1912, in the market, an adult male with disin- 

 tegrated neck-feathers and a quantity of fulvous on the 

 sides of tlie lower neck, so that probably the breeding- 

 plumage is assumed very early in the year. 



Adult males generally weigh from J 5 to 19 lbs. and over. 

 I have been told l)y foreign sportsmen that they had seen 

 birds of 30 lbs. in weight, but these are not commonly met 

 with. Females weigh from 7 to probably 9 lbs. 



1 may mention here that the Chinese shooting-men in 

 north-eastern Chihli have three separate popular names for 

 the Bustard. Adult males are called Yang Pu (Sheep 

 Bustard), younger males are called Ch'hig Pu (Dark Bustard), 

 and very small males and females are called Chi Pu 

 (Chicken Bustard). The last are undoubtedly the " Ki 

 Pou" of Pere David (Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, Bulletin, 

 1867, p. 38), quoted by Swinhoe (P. Z. S. 1871, p. 402) as 



SER. XI. VOL. III. C 



