216 Mr. F. N. Chasen on the [Ibis, 



thf noise made by tbe Jackdaws, wbich is quite an 

 acbievement wben one considers the latter bird's capabilities 

 in this direction. The Roller was always dominant in these 

 atfairs and usually the aggressor. The Jackdaws showed 

 great skill in their attempts to escape from the Rollers. 

 They would dart and topple about in every possible manner, 

 and often doui)le back alono- their own line of flioht. 

 Sometimes thoy would dive headlong into thick grass or 

 into the foliage of trees. Such doings, however, were of 

 little avail. The pursuing Roller would keep about a yard 

 behind and forestall each caprice of the Jackdaws — even to 

 the precipitous downvvard swoops. Later in the season, 

 when the Rollers had progressed further with their domestic 

 arrangements, they were not so quarrelsome. It should be 

 noted that the Jackdaws had ])aired and settled down by the 

 time that the Rollers commenced their activities, and I think 

 that the valiant Daw of early spring would show a more 

 determined front to the intruder. I found two nests in the 

 ravine at Orljak in June. The birds showed the greatest 

 craftiness in concealing their movements to and from the 

 nests, which were in holes near the top of a cliff, and about 

 fifty yards from the bottom of the ravine. 



Bubo bubo. Eagle-Owl. 



One remained in the vicinity of the river at Orljak for 

 several days, at the beginning of Januiiry. This is the only 

 personal record I have, but from all accounts I have no 

 doubt that this Owl is frequently met with near Lake Doiran. 



Asio accipitrinus. Short-eared Owl. 



Seen from December to March on the Struma plain. 



Carina noctua. Little Owd. 



A common resident, and one of the most noticeable of 

 Macedonian birds. This Owl is distributed over the country 

 in haunts th;it ditfer widely in character. It is common on 

 the Struma jdain, especially in or near the villages, on the 

 hills, and in the woods. I saw plenty on the outskirts of 

 Salonica, and, indeed, this is one of the first birds to attract 



