1 92 1.] Bird-Migration hij the Afarking Method. 515 



Slimmer o£ marking, seven oF them in subsequent summers, 

 ten of them in subsequent winters, and the remaining one 

 in its first winter :ind again in its second summer. Of birds 

 marked in Great Britain otherwise than as nestlings, sixteen 

 that were marked in summer and nineteen that were marked 

 in winter reappeared, and the records show a similar even 

 distribution between subsequent summers and winters as in 

 the case of those marked as nestlings. One bird caught 

 and marked in Ireland in winter was recovered at the place 

 of marking in its fourth winter. 



These records show that at least some of the native 

 Blackbirds are resident and stationary, and there is indeed 

 only one case giving evidence of appreciable movement. 

 Witherby^s records (26) include a Blackbird marked in 

 Dumfries-shire and recovered in Co. Down, Ireland, in its 

 second winter. 



EEDBREAST {Erithacus rubecula Linn.). 



Of the 1,206 birds marked, 61, or 5*1 per cent., were 

 recovered — all of them at the places of marking and indeed 

 very frequently in the identical gardens. In many instances 

 individual birds were i*ec;iptured several times. Of eighteen 

 birds marked in Great Britain in summer, as nestlings or 

 otherwise, one was recovered in the same summer, three in 

 subsequent summers, and fourteen in winter. Of forty-two 

 marked in Great Britain in winter, twenty-six were re- 

 covered in the winter of marking, thirteen in subsequent 

 winters, and three in summer. There is also one Irish record 

 of no interest. 



The records show that at least some of the native Red- 

 breasts are absolutely sedentary. There is no evidence of 

 even local movements, but much stress cannot be laid on the 

 absence of records, owing to the fact that the chances of a 

 bird of this species reappearing seem to be very small apart 

 from the marker's own recaptures. Figures illustrating 

 this point have already been given for the Hedge-Sparrow 

 and the Blue Titmouse, to which similar considei'ations 

 apply. 



