Avifauna of Franz Josef Land. 273 



of Little Auks were noted ; and at Torup Island, on the 

 17th, there were "myriads/' On the 10th of March, 

 1896, at his winter-quarters on Frederick Jackson Island, 

 Dr. Nansen mentions that " millions " were seen flying up 

 the sound at 6 a.m., and " when we went out at 2 in the 

 afternoon there was an unceasing passage of flock after 

 flock out to sea, and this continued until late in the after- 

 noon. '^ It was also observed (p. 410) that this species and 

 the Black Guillemot invariably set forth from the land at 

 certain times of the day towards the open sea, returning in 

 broken lines to their nest- rocks again. At the basaltic cliffs 

 of Cape Fisher, on the 3rd of June, 1896, he found these 

 birds breeding in swarms. 



Dr. Neale tells us that the Little Auk departed from 

 Cape Flora in the autumn of 1881 during the first week of 

 September ; and was first observed there in the spring of 

 1882 on the 2nd of March. It arrived at Frederick Jackson 

 Island in 1896 on the 25th of February, as related by 

 Dr. Nansen. 



[The Rotges appear to have left Cape Flora about the 

 14th of September in the autumn of 1896 ; and they 

 returned on the 9th of March, 1897, for on that day I 

 noticed their brilliantly red droppings in the snow : this was 

 the first sign that the Rotges had returned, but we did not 

 see them on that day. On the 17th of March they were in 

 plenty at the Gully Rocks, and, as far as could be seen, they 

 were all in full summer plumage. There were also many of 

 these birds observed on Windward and Mabel Islands during 

 the month. Like the Looms, the Rotges continually occupied 

 and deserted their breeding-cliffs during April, May, and 

 early June. After the 10th of June the Little Auks were 

 seen on the rocks every day during our stay. They bred in 

 the cliffs, at both east and west ends, at Cape Flora in great 

 ^numbers, though most plentifully in the Gully Rocks. 

 Dr. Koettlitz and I saw a good many in the clifi's at Cape 

 Forbes on the 24th of May.— W. S. B.] 



[?] Fratercula arctica (Linn.). 



Lieut. Payer (op. cit. ii. p. 91) mentions the ^'Lumme 



