74 Lieut. S. A. Davies on the 



was found on the 12th of June ; only in one case did we 

 obtain a clutch of four, the usual number appearing to be 

 three. The nests were placed in young firs about 4 or 5 feet 

 from the ground. 



Emberiza hortulana. Ortolan. 



I observed and shot a single specimen at Ainettivaara on 

 the 27th of April ; it was singiug on the roof of a barn in a 

 snow-storm. This species seems to be very rare, but we 

 obtained one nest on the 27th of June at Isosaari in 68° 40' 

 N. lat., which is probably its extreme range on this rivei. 



Emberiza schosniclus. Reed-Bunting. 



Fairly common throughout the district in the willow- 

 scrub fringing the river. The Finns did not distinguish it 

 from Calcarius lapponicus. 



Calcarius lapponicus. Lapland Bunting. 



Very plentiful in the northern part of the district, but 

 becoming scarce as the fir-region is approached. It arrived 

 in large numbers at Leveavuopio on the 24th of May, when 

 the birds were singing in the birches round the house. They 

 prefer the cloudberry-moors, where the site of the nest is 

 constantly betrayed by the male, who sits on a perch within a 

 few yards of it uttering his metallic double call. The nest is 

 always lined with feathers, though often sparingly. The eggs 

 vary greatly both in size and colouring, one type being indis- 

 tinguishable from one form of those of the Red-throated Pipit. 



The female is very tame when sitting. 



Plectrophenax nivalis. Snow-Bunting. 



I first saw Snow-Buntings in flocks on the Norwegian- 

 Finnish Frontier on the 23rd of April. At that season they 

 were found round the houses in company with Shore- Larks, 

 picking up what they could from such small patches of 

 ground as were bare of snow, but the two species always kept 

 separate in the flocks. About the beginning of May the 

 Buntings left the houses and went up into the hills : the last 

 we saw of them there was on the 17th of May, but we could 

 not find them breeding on the fells. 



