372 Mr. A. L. Butler on the 



226. Geronticus hagedash (Lath.). 



The Hagedash Tbis is abundant on the White Nile. It 

 has a particularly harsh cry, which it utters whenever it is 

 alarmed. 



227. Plegadis falcinellus (Linn.). 



The Glossy Ibis, though widely distributed and fairly 

 common, is much less plentiful than the Hagedash. 



228. Platalea leucorodia (Linn.). 



229. Platalea alba Scop. 



Both the Common and the African Spoonbill are fairly 

 plentiful on the larger rivers. 



230. Ardea purpurea Linn. 



231. Ardea cinerea Linn. 



Both the Purple and the Common Heron are very abundant, 

 and are to be found almost wherever there is water. 



232. Ardea melanocephala Vig. & Childr. 



233. Ardea goliath Cretzschm. 



Both the Black-headed and the Goliath Heron are common 

 on the Blue Nile, and the White Nile and its tributaries, 

 but less so than the last two species. I have not noted 

 either of them much north of Khartoum. 



234. Herodias brachyrhyncha Brehm. 



235. Herodias alba (Linn.). 



The Short-toed Egret is a common river-bird, while the 

 Great White Egret is considerably rarer. The first species 

 breeds regularly at Kamlin on the Blue Nile, and also at 

 El Obeid in Kordofan, where it arrives with the first rains 

 and nests in thorn-trees in the town. 



236. Herodias ralloides (Scop.). 



The Squacco Heron is a tolerably common bird on the 

 White Nile. 



237. Herodias bubulcus (Aud.). 



The Buff-backed Heron is fairly common on the White 

 Nile, becoming abundant in the "sudd" district of the 

 Bahr-el-Ghazal, Jur Paver, &c. It breeds in the " am batch '* 

 along these rivers, and usually congregates in small Honks. 



