i6 



pitch pine, /* ri]i>-ida ; scrub pine, F. batiksiana ; hemlock, Tsu^a cana- 

 dc7isis ; balsam fir, Picea balsamea ; double spruce, A. nigra ; white elm, 

 Ulmiis americaiia ; red or swamp maple, Acer rubrum ; tulip poplar, 

 Liriodendion tulipifera \ and gray or canoe birch, Betula fapyrifera. 

 Middle states: chestnut, C. S. amcricana ; black oak, Q. c. tincloria ; 

 white oak, Q. alba ; hickory, Carya (oinenlosa ; shellbark, C. alba ; pitch 

 pine, /'. rigida ; white pine, P. slrobus ; chestnut oak. Q. prinns ; red or 

 swamp-maple, A. riibriim\ red cedar, Juniperus virginiana; hemlock 7". 

 canadensis; beech, F. ferrnginea; tulip poplar, L. tulipi/ei-a; white elm, 

 U.americana; sugar maple, A. saccharinmn; white cedar, Chatncecyparis 

 sphivroidea ; occcasionally white ash, Fraxinus americana ; wild red 

 cherry, Frunus pennsylvanica; wild black cherry, /*. serotiua; flowering 

 dogwood, Coi'mts Jforida; American holley, /lex opaca; apple, Pyrus 

 mcdus ; yellow birch, B. liitea ; black birch, B. lenla ; and white birch, 

 B. a. f>opulifolia. Southern states : yellow or long leaved pine. Finns 

 palnstris ; short leaved pine, P. mitis ; white or spruce pine, /'. glabra ; 

 pitch pine. /'. dnslralis ; cypress, Taxodium distichiim ; live oak, Q. 

 -i'irens \ beech, I-\ fei'ruginea \ swamp maple, ./. rubrum; red cedar, 

 y. I'irginiana ; elm, U. americana ; tulip poplar, L. (ulipifera \ pecan, 

 Carya olivcE formis\ and hackberry, Celtis occidentalis. Western states: 

 Spanish oak, Q. falcata ; white oak, Q. alba ; red maple, A. rubrum ; 

 Sycamore, Platanus occidentcdis; cottonwood populus, monihYei'a; beech, 

 F. ferruginea \ poplar, I., tidipifera \ white walnut, Juglans cinerea ; 

 white elm, U. americana ; tamarack, Farix aiiiericana or /.. occiden- 

 talis ; ash, Fraxinus americana and /-'. quad}-a}2gulaU(. California : 

 live oak, Q. chiysolepis ; white oak, Q. alba ; willow, Salix ( f) ; cotton- 

 wood, P. monilifera \ ash, F. oregana ; and alder, Xegundo acer- 

 aides (f). 



Position. — The nest is usually placed in the Uf>right fork or crotch of 

 a tree, not seldom on a horizontal branch, at no great distance from the pole 

 or main stem. Mr. C. W. Crandall discovered a nest on Long Island, 

 N. Y. , in a most peculiar and unique position. In his own words: " Look- 

 ing from the brow of a hill some thirty feet high, I discovered a nest 

 situated in the fork of a chestnut tree, which was at the base of the hill, 

 the nest being placed forty-five feet up. The parent bird was sitting, and' 

 strange to say, was entirely visible from where I stood. Thinking this 

 was very peculiar, I resolved to investigate. Upon climbing to the 

 nest, I found that by some means, probably a heavy wind, it had become- 

 dislodged and had turned almost completely on its side, the eggs just 

 being held in by the rim of the nest. The bird had to sit with one side 

 against the bottom of the nest, with the other side exposed." 



