Xatcs from Japan. 153 



37. Anthus maculatus Hod^s. Eastern Tree-Pipit. 

 Anthus maculatus Seebohm^ B. Jap. Emp. p. 115. 

 Jap. : Ki-hibari. 



Tolerably abundant round Fuji, where I found it nesting 

 by the end of May. It is distinctly arboreal, and in its 

 habits greatly resembles the true Tree-Pipit. Like that bird 

 it possesses an excellent song, which it utters both during 

 flight and from the point of a tree. Its vertical range 

 during the breeding-season extends to an altitude of at 

 least 5000 ft. When returning to its nest the bird does so 

 very stealthily, approaching it from some distance along the 

 ground. All the Japanese eggs I have seen of this species 

 vary very little inter se, but differ from those collected on 

 the continent ; these latter might be described as more 

 nearly approaching the warm-coloured, distinctly spotted 

 varieties of A. arboreus. The thirteen eggs in my possession 

 (from three clutches) average 0-81 X 0*62 in. On a ground- 

 colour of very pale bluish white, they are profusely speckled 

 like those of A. pratensis, but with grey underlying and 

 brown overlying marks; these are rather more dense about 

 the larger end and form an indistinct zone. 



38. Alauda arvensis japonica (Temm. & Schl.). Japan- 

 ese Skylark. 



Alauda arvensis japonica Seebohm, B. Jap. Emp. p. 118. 



Jap. : Hibari. 



Common in all suitable localities, and its habits seem to 

 be exactly similar to those of the European Skylark. Two or 

 more broods are undoubtedly reared in the year, as I found 

 alternately young and eggs throughout my stay in Japan. 

 The eggs in my collection average 0*85 x 0*G5, and are 

 greyer than typical examples of A. arvensis. 



39. LiGURINUS KAWARAHIBA MINOR (Tcmm. & Schl.). 



Japanese Greenfinch. 



Fringilla kawarahiba Seebohm, B. Jap. Emp. p. 127. 



Jap. : Kawarahiwa. 



This Greenfinch was common round Subashiri, where it 

 was nesting in the tall cryptomerias. One nest, placed about 



