Notes on Plumage Changes. 15 



Stage C4. Young (?, sk., Victoi-ia. 



The head beinc: I'ich brown makes it differ from the other 

 stages. Upper surface brown ; small frontal mark brown, with 

 a faint inclination to white in it ; whole under surface inclined 

 to rich brown, and in parts of the throat, chest and breast to 

 light reddish-brown ; one centre quill of the tail shows white at 

 tip, not previously noted. In other respects it agrees with the 

 other stages of this phase. Length of wing, 3 ins.; tail, 2-4 ins. 



Stage C5. Young (?, sk., 10-7-97. Essendon, Victoria. 



Frontal mark white and of adult's superficial area ; rest of 

 forehead and crown greyish-brown ; edge of penultimate inner 

 secondary white and prominent. These three I'egions are 

 distinctly in advance of the earlier stages. Under surface much 

 lighter than in any other stage of this phase, the throat tending 

 to greyish white, with much of the latter on the lower breast and 

 abdomen ; under tail coverts and outer tail feathers whiter than 

 in the foregoing stages; dorsal surface brown ; remaining regions 

 as in O4. Length of wing, 3 '05 inches ; tail, 2-4 inches. 



F/uue D. 



Stage D,. Young <^, sk, 31-3-97. Heytesbury, Victoria. 

 (Per Mr. Geo. Graham). 



Upper surface uniform brown, the upper tail coverts being 

 deeper brown and agreeing with the centre tail feathers ; frontal 

 mark brown, intermixed with brownish-white ; throat faint red ; 

 chest and sides of upper breast brown ; centre of breast, abdomen 

 and under tail coverts creamy white, certain of the coverts 

 streaked brown about the mid-rib ; flanks brownish ; wings deep 

 brown, the coverts and secondaries edged with light brown ; 

 band upon wing white, roughly edged with fulvous ; bill and legs 

 deep brownish-black. Length of wing, 3 '05 ins.; tail, 2'35ins. 



Stage Do. Young (?, sk., 12-4-98. Essendon, Victoria. 



Upper surface light brown ; central tail leathers brown, very 

 small spot of brown on outer web of outer feather ; penultimate 

 tail feathers brown, with an oblique portion of it dull white ; 

 frontal mark small and white ; wing brown, cream band across it 

 and secondaries edged with cream ; coverts greyish-brown ; chin 

 greyish-white ; throat brown, with a cream coloured band across 



