446 JOHANN KASPAR BLUNTSCHLI. 



to resist extremes in either direction. But the Radicals and Ultra- 

 montanes were too strong, as they had been before. He strove also 

 to reform the Federal pact in a centralized direction, but without 

 success. Meanwhile he removed to Munich, and in 1848 became 

 professor in tlie university there of German private law and general 

 public law. Here he remained fourteen years outside of politics, 

 devoting his life more exclusively than he had hitlierto done to the 

 career of an author in his department. A labor laid upon him while he 

 was yet at Zurich, that of codifying the Privatiechl of the canton, now 

 demanded his attention. The first portion of the code, which had been 

 finished in 1844, embraced the rights of persons, of the family and 

 of succession ; the part relating to property appeared in 1851 ; that 

 touching obligation in 1853 and afterward. This code is regarded as 

 one of tlie most noteworthy legislative works of our times. It served 

 as a model for codes in other Swiss cantons. 



In 1852 M. Bluntschli published his "Allgemeines Staatsrecht 

 gesohichtlich gegrlindet," which, after passing through four editions, 

 ■was transformed into a tripartite work with the titles " General Doc- 

 trine of the State," " General Rights of the State," and " Politics." 

 This he regarded as a terminal woi-k of a life consecrated to legal 

 science and practice. The little volumes of " Deutsches Privatrecht," 

 1856, which went through three editions in German and were trans- 

 lated into French, show how fruitful he was at this time as an author. 

 Another enterprise of his was a critical review for legislation and juris- 

 prudence, which is still issued as the Critical Quarterly. Soon after 

 this undertaking he planned the " Staatsworterbuch," in which many 

 distinguished Germans co-operated with him. Eleven volumes of 

 this lexicon appeared between 1857 and 1870, and subsequently 

 an abridgment wos made by another hand. 



In 1860 M. Bluntschli, in concert with other jurists, formed a union 

 called the " Juristentag," which aimed not only at objects pertaining to 

 juristic science, but also at cultivating the spirit of unity in the Ger- 

 man nation. He was twice tlie presiding officer, in 1861 and 1868. 

 One important matter which the jurists wished to effect was uniform 

 legislation throughout the German States in regard to the departments 

 of obligation, penal law, and civil procedure. But the States could not 

 be made to agree on the mode of bringing this about, and the results 

 did not answer to the hopes of the members. 



During the years of his residence in Bavaria, ]\I. Bluntsciili trans- 

 ferred ins main interest from civil to public law ; and at this time also 

 his feelings changed from Conservatism to broader political sympathies. 



