56 OCEANOGRAPHY IN THE UNITED STATES 



Admiral Karo. That is right, to try and correlate any planning. 



Mr. Miller. Counsel ? 



Mr. Drewry. Admiral, I have just one question to follow up on 

 something you said earlier. You mentioned that you are engaged 

 in the physical oceanography, that there are other groups in the 

 biological and geological, and that you have worked very closely with 

 the Hydrographic Office. 



As I understand it, each branch of this science goes hand in hand 

 with others ? 



Admiral Karo. There is a gray area there. One spills over into 

 the other. 



]\Ir. Drew^ry. You are a Government agency. How have you been 

 working on the problem of getting the maximum use out of facilities, 

 for instance, by coordinating with other agencies with your coast 

 survey work? The Hydrographic Office has its problems in the deep 

 oceans. Woods Hole is looking at commercial fisheries. 



Is there an interchange of personnel or when you go on a survey 

 mission are there provisions either through informal or statutory 

 arrangement for one or more scientists from another group to go with 

 you? 



Admiral Karo. Normally there has not been ; no, sir. In the mat- 

 ter of gathering the bottom specimens and w^ater specimens and so 

 forth, we have many times on a specific project bottled those up and 

 sent them to Scripps Institute for analysis there. 



A few years back, we were working on agreement with the Bureau 

 of Fisheries and then it was dropped and I understand later that 

 they made some sort of a contract with, I believe, the Department of 

 Oceanography and Fisheries of the University of Washington in 

 Seattle for w^ork. 



But I feel that with this emphasis that is being put on oceanography 

 and all things connected w^itli it, that a coordinating committee will 

 obtain fuller use of the facilities that each of us has so that they can 

 really get more out of our efforts. Because the cost of any of these 

 operations is in getting to the spot, the cost of your ships, and over- 

 head, I feel that we should use the equipment when it is there to the 

 maximum, 



Mr. Drewry. That was one of the main features about the hear- 

 ings we had last year involving the atomic icebreaker which was to 

 be a Coast Guard facility and not only for breaking ice and not only 

 for military preparedness work with the Navy but much empliasis 

 was placed on the availability of that type of facility for scientific 

 work which would, of course, bring people in from other agencies. 



There was no difficulty discussed but on the other hand it Avas not 

 too clear just what kind of arrangements might liave to be made by 

 new legislation or otherwise to provide for that coordination. 



Admiral Karo. I do not believe that legislation would be needed 

 for coordination. In fact, I remember back in about 1949 or 1950 

 on one of the ice breakers up in the Arctic that they put some of our 

 technicians aboard to help them position it out there and to get some 

 of the infoi-mation they were after, and that Ave have a servicing 

 agreement with the Navy on servicing EPI equipment that they use 

 on some of iheir special pi'ojects so that, the matter of coordination, 



