168 OCEANOGRAPHY IN THE UNITED STATES 



composition to be roughly half trained oceanographers and roughly 

 half scientists in other fields who would be able to look objectively at 

 the problems, say perhaps take a somewhat longer look at the prob- 

 lems which confront us than the oceanographers proper who are of 

 necessity intimately embroiled in their own immediate problems. 



Our committee made a study of a number of our institutions. We 

 held meetings in various places. We had one in Seattle, one in Miami, 

 one at Woods Hole. We have met down in Texas and so forth, and at 

 La Jolla. We met over a period of about 1 year and finally set 

 about the task of drafting our recommendations. 



The report which you have received is a summary which includes 

 all of the basic recommendations. This is going to be followed by a 

 series of chapters which will go into each of these recommendations 

 in considerably more detail than was possible in the summary. 



I think perhaps you might like to have a rough estimate of the 

 times of appearance of various of these chapters. The one on basic 

 research in oceanography during the next 10 years will be out in about 

 2 months, the one on ocean resources will be out in about 1 month ; 

 the one on oceanographic research for defense applications will be 

 out in 2 months. Artificial radioactivity in the marine environment 

 will be out in about 3 weeks. The chapter which deals with the 

 specifics and the timing of new research vessels will be out in 1 month. 

 The engineering needs for ocean exploration will be out in 3 weeks. 

 Education and manpower in the marine sciences will be out in 1 week. 

 Oceanwide surveys will be out in about 3 months; international co- 

 operation in the marine sciences in 2 months; a history of oceanog- 

 raphy will be out in 6 months, and the status of marine sciences in 

 the United States will be out in about 3 weeks. 



As you see, we have had to do quite a bit of writing, but did not 

 want to wait until all of these were out before putting out the sum- 

 mary of our recommendations. 



Following the formulation of these recommendations, we naturally 

 became concerned about the problem of implementation. In our 

 recommendations proper, you will note we make suggestions con- 

 cerning the relative amounts of effort we believe individual Govern- 

 ment agencies should place in this overall program. These are purely 

 suggestions but they do give an index as to the opinion of the committee 

 as to how much interest the individual agencies ought to have in the 

 marine sciences. 



In my own case, I have gone through quite a process of education. 

 It so happens that this chairmanship of this committee and our activi- 

 ties coincided with my having the finger put on me to be a member of 

 the Space Science Board as well. This involved quite a bit of work 

 but it did enable me to get a pretty good overall picture of the status 

 of our activities in two major fields of endeavor. 



I must say that in spite of the good work which has gone on in the 

 past, in spite of the fact that the Navy, for example, has really made 

 an effort to face up to its responsibilities, I am personally quite dis- 

 tressed by the lack of sufficient rate of growth of research efforts in 

 this area. 



When we look at the knowledge which we need we really should go 

 along more rapidly than we recommend in this report. 



I am afraid it is not possible to go along any more rapidly for the 

 reason that the main rate limiting factor is that of trained technical 



