OCEANOGRAPHY IN THE UNITED STATES 219 



The design of submarine hulls to resist sea pressure is evaluated on 

 model scale in test tanks [slide 17 — submarine test tank] such as this 

 one. Pressure is applied increasingly to the model and strains in the 

 structure are measured and recorded until finally the hull collapses. 



In this photograph, a structural model of a deep diving sub- 

 marine [slide IS — structural model of deep diving submarine] is being 

 readied for test. Compared to the bathyscaph, the submarine is fully 

 mobile which has important militaiy and scientific advantages. 



Oceanographic research is important to understanding the efl'ects 

 of underwater explosions. In this jjliotograph Model Basin engineers 

 are simulating a mine being fired against a nonmagnetic minesweeper 

 [slide 19 — underwater explosion against minesweeper]. 



Shock waves from underwater explosions [slide 20 — oceanographic 

 paths of shock waves] such as nuclear blasts are transmitted directly, 

 reflected from the sea surface, reflected from the ocean bottom, and 

 transmitted through the bottom. Searching oceanographic research 

 is essential to a more complete understanding of these phenomena. 



In addition to direct investigations here at Carderock, the David 

 Taylor Model Basin supports fundamental programs in ocean- 

 ography, such as theoretical methods of describing a seaway at New 

 York University, techniques for measuring the dii-ectional spectra of 

 the sea at Scripps Institute of Oceanography, measurement of two- 

 dimensional spectra of ocean waves at Woods Hole Oceanographic 

 Institution. 



At each of the research and development projects which you will 

 see on your tour, a model basin scientist or engineer will describe in 

 detail the oceanographic aspects. The tour will be ready to start 

 upon the direction of the chairman. 



Mr. Miller. Thank you very much, Captain. We have enjoyed and 

 appreciated your discussion. 



For the sake of the record, I would like to ask you : Do you feel that 

 there is a real need for the work undertaken by this committee, a 

 need to go into tlie field of oceanography for the purpose of coordinat- 

 ing them and familiarizing the Congress with the importance of this 

 field? 



Captain Wright. Mr. Chairman, a laboratory such as the David 

 Taylor Model Basin literally exists on fundamental research and 

 knowledge. It is the application of that knowledge into the design 

 process in the Bureau of Sliips and the Bureau of Aeronautics and 

 the merchant marine that makes possible our developmental work and 

 progress here. 



We feel that in oceanographic research in particular the attention 

 of the Congress will ])e a great inspiration to us here in an area which 

 is so important in all of our work and in the application of it to the 

 future of our technical responsibilities. 



Mr. Miller. Thank you. 



Mr.Tollefson? 



Mr. ToLLEFSON. I have no questions. 



Mr. Miller. Mr. Oliver ? 



Mr. Oliver. I have no questions ? 



Mr. Miller. Mr. Van Pelt ? 



Mr. Van Pelt. I have no questions. 



Mr. Miller. Mr. Casey ? 



SSl'70 — 59 15 



