504 Sir W. Roberts-Austen [Feb. 22, 



of lengths of rails. It may be objected that the fluid contents of 

 the crucible would set as a whole round the metallic junction and 

 give trouble, but this is not the case, for a layer of fluid alumina 

 appears both to coat the rod, tube or rail which has to be welded, 



Fig. 3. — The clamps used for welding tubes up to four inches in 

 diameter. 



and to set in a mass which can be readily detached after the work 

 is done. The casings (Figs. 4 and 5) are protected in the same way. 

 The diagrams (Figs. 3, 4, 5) need but little comment, as they suffi- 

 ciently indicate the method adopted in the cases they represent. 



Fig. 4. — Tubes clamped together with a casing of thin iron round 

 the junction to be welded. 



[These figures were used to illustrate a paper by Mr. E. F. Lange.* 

 I was indebted to him for the loan of small appliances of a similar 

 kind to enable me to demonstrate to the audience the welding of 



* Journal of the Iron and Steal Institute, 1900, No. ii. p. 192. 



