64 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1960 



depression and two rock cairns located on tlie high terrace. Tests of 

 cairns were negative. The house was tested, two cache pits, a fire- 

 place, and two test pits were excavated, and the site was mapped. 

 Site 39SL22 was a large ceremonial house depression and three smaller 

 depressions situated on the high terrace. One house was tested, two 

 cache pits, a fireplace, and two test pits were excavated, and the site 

 was mapped. Site 39SL20, consisting of two faint house depressions 

 on the lower terrace, was a small site and not very productive. One 

 house was tested, a midden, a cache pit, and two fireplaces were 

 excavated, and the site was mapped. Site 39SL17 contained a large 

 ceremonial house and six smaller depressions on the high terrace. 

 Three houses were tested, two cache pits, a fireplace, and a test pit 

 were excavated, and the site was mapped. Site 39SL1G was com- 

 posed of three shallow house depressions and several other irregular 

 depressions situated on the high terrace. Two houses were tested, a 

 cache pit and a fireplace were excavated, and the site was mapped. 

 This was a small and miproductive site. Site 39SL14 contained two 

 house depressions on the high terrace adjacent to Site 39SL13. Both 

 houses were tested, a midden was excavated, and the site was mapped. 

 Site 39SL34, a single house depression on the high terrace and a part 

 of the 39SL13 and 14 complex, was not productive. The house was 

 tested, a midden was excavated, and the site was mapped. 



Ten sites, newly located in 1959, consisted of only minor-find spots 

 of specimens, random fire hearths, cache pits, and similar isolated 

 features. None is of enough significance to warrant further attention, 

 though surface collections and/or minor tests were made in all of 

 them. These sites are 39SL47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, and 57. 

 Likewise, site 39SL25 was examined and written oil as of no further 

 interest. Thus by the end of the season tests had been made to pro- 

 vide architectural details for 36 circular earth lodges in 17 separate 

 sites and excavations had been conducted in 25 middens, 33 cache pits, 

 16 fireplaces, and 26 random test pits. One burial was recovered and 

 19 sites were mapped. Houses were consistently tested by excavat- 

 ing a trapezoidal area on the depression edge with the base of the 

 trapezoid (10-25 feet wide) just outside the house ring and the smaller 

 base (5-10 feet) near the center. This gave maximal coverage of the 

 house periphery. In many cases these tests were extended to the 

 central fireplace, and where the wall post pattern seemed unsatisfac- 

 tory the outer edge of the trapezoid was extended. The McNutt party 

 completed its season's work on August 29, after 8i/^ weeks in the field. 



The fourth Kiver Basin Surveys party for the 1959 season was 

 directed by Dr. Alfred "W. Bowers. This crew of five began intensive 

 excavations at the Anton Rygh site (39CA4), in Campbell County, 

 South Dakota, on July 13, and continuing the investigations that were 



