346 



ANNUAL REPOKT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 193 3 



mon use show that they average 51 percent in this respect, a difference of 1% 

 percent, which is not as great as the error involved in the methods employed in 

 making these measurements. Neither the percentage above and below the hori- 



[|»i UFT LOST j I^'ltFT . HFT-j' ,1 ^ J 



LIFT8 UHEqvJAL 

 HiCH WinC^ t.O»CS LIFT 



LOW W»ri<i Q/MMS LIFT' 



DlAC,f\/\M -JCAIM '-STABILITY WITK LOSSi 

 •i LIFT oj Dec R,EA3irt(i THE LATETRAL. I 



oihe:dr.al. ancjle 



Figure 3. — The aerodynamics of flying flsbes. Reproduced by permission from paper by 

 C. M. Breder, Jr., published in Copela. 



A. Diagram of elements involved in lateral stability as expressed In a flying fish, 

 Including front view In flight. 



B. Diagram of elements Involved whlcb give false impression of wing flapping, including 

 rear view in flight. 



zontal axis nor tlie lower caudal portion shows a moving trend with size. The 

 later region bears little relation to the corresponding part of the plane, as it 

 Involves the fish's power plant, whereas in a plane there is only the tiny landing 



