438 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 193 3 



pictured as seated on chairs covered with matting. In the codices of 

 southern Mexico the mat is frequently replaced by a rectangular 

 block with geometric decoration. This recalls the architectural 

 adornment of the stone structures at Mitla and in the abbreviated 

 pictographs may imply " people of the palace " or, let us say, royalty. 



Monogamy was certainly the rule in the royal marriages of south- 

 ern Mexico, but there are instances where two women, probably sis- 

 ters, marry one man and live with him under the same roof.^^ Also 

 there are cases of great rulers who had one official wife and one or 

 more other wives of lesser rank who dwelt apart, but whose children 

 seem to have been recognized. Eight Deer was himself the offspring 

 of a second marriage, although it is quite possible Nine Eagle, the 

 first wife of his father, Five Crocodile, had died before the latter 

 married Eleven Water, the mother of Eight Deer. But in the case 

 of Eight Deer, himself, there can be no doubt that he had children 

 by several women coming along at the same time. His official wife 

 was the daughter of Eleven Wind, as we have seen, but by another 

 woman than Six Monkey. Perhaps this second woman. Six Lizard, 

 really married Eleven Wind after the death of Six Monkey. If so, 

 the daughter could not have been more than 8 years of age when she 

 married the already elderly Eight Deer and such an early marriage 

 seems probable. Her first child came some 7 or 8 years after the 

 celebration of the marriage. At any rate other evidence of child 

 marriage is not far to seek. 



The genealogical lay-outs often indicate marriages of nieces with 

 uncles, etc. Thus Four Crocodile, the second son of Eight Deer by 

 Twelve Snake, very clearly married Thirteen Flower, the daughter 

 of his sister, Ten Flower, by Four Wind, the eldest son of Eleven 

 Wind, and our heroine Six Monkey. Here is a close-knit marriage 

 which may have been made for dynastic purposes. 



One of the clearest cases of a dynastic mating goes back to an early 

 stage of the recorded history. Two cities which I call Sun Mount 

 and Riven Hill were joined by the marriage of Lady Twelve Vulture 

 and Lord Twelve Lizard on a day 1 Rabbit in a year 1 Rabbit. The 

 marriage is shown in the Vienna codex, page III, and in the Bod- 

 ley codex, pages 3 and 4, with the place name hieroglyphs represented 

 in connection with each individual. Their sons, Three Monkey and 

 Four House, are later pictured in the Bodley codex on a rampage 

 burning temples. They soon m.eet a fate which may have been de- 

 served when we see them lying dead with their breasts open, indi- 

 cating that their hearts had been cut out in sacrifice. In other 



" A good case of this is the marriage of a certain Twelve Lizard witli two sisters 

 named Four Crocodile and Four Knife; it is recorded in the Zouche, Vienna and Bodley 

 manuscripts. 



