464 ANNUAL, KEPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 193 3 



dialects change rapidly, so that a Greenlander would probably require three 

 different interpreters to converse with the Eskimo of St. Lawrence Island, of 

 the Kuskokwim River, and of Cook Inlet." 



Here again we find a condition that might well be explained on 

 the theory that the Arctic coast of Alaska had been subjected to' a 

 late wave of migration from the eastward. 



SOUTH ALASKA 



The excavations of Dall ^° and Jochelson ^^ on the Aleutian Islands 

 and of Weyer ^^ on the Alaska Peninsula have shown that the pre- 

 historic culture of this region, although Eskimoid in its general 

 character, was, except for a few isolated resemblances, far removed 

 from the Old Bering Sea, Punuk, and Thule cultures. Striking 

 differences are seen in the shapes of dart points, foreshafts, and fish 

 hooks, and the scarcity of pottery as well as the presence of stone 

 lamps, labrets, and masks gives the southern culture a distinctive 

 appearance. Variants of this general type of culture are revealed 

 by the excavations of Hrdlicka ^^ on Kodiak Island and of Fred- 

 erica de Laguna ^^ on Kenai Peninsula and Prince William Sound. 

 Excavations in the intervening Bristol Bay-Norton Sound district 

 should throw light on the relationship between the prehistoric re- 

 mains of the Bering Strait region and those of southern Alaska. 



NORTHEASTERN SIBERIA 



No archeological work has been done on the Asiatic side of the 

 Bering Sea north of Kamchatka. However, from various objects 

 which have found their way into museums, it is evident that settle- 

 ments of the Old Bering Sea culture existed in northeastern Siberia, 

 from Indian Point to East Cape, and possibly as far westward 

 along the Arctic coast as the Kolyma River. Jochelson's excavations 

 have shown that in earlier times the Kamchadal used earthenware 

 pottery of Ainu type with looped handles on the inside of the rim.^° 

 Small stone lamps of the Aleutian type were also used. Otherwise, 

 the Kamchadal sites have yielded little that is distinctive. To the 



" Jenness, D., The Problem of the Eskimo, in The American Aborigines, their Origin and 

 Antiquity, Univ. Toronto Press, pp. 379-380. 1933. 



"Dall, W. H., On Succession in the Shell-Heaps of the Aleutian Islands, Contr. North 

 Amer. Ethnol., vol. 1, pp. 41-91, 1877. 



i« Jochelson, W., Archeological Investigations in the Aleutian Islands, Carnegie Inst. 

 Washington, Publ. no. 367, pp. 1-145, 1925. 



"Weyer, E. M., .Jr., Archeological Material from the Village Site at Hot Springs, Port 

 Moller, Alaska, Anthrop. Papers Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 31, pt. 4, pp. 239-279, 1930. 



" Hrdlidka, A., Anthropological Work in Alaska, Explorations and Field Work of the 

 Smithsonian Institution in 1931, Smithsonian Publ. no. 3134, pp. 91-102, 1932. 



"de Laguna, Frederica, The archeology of Cook Inlet, Alaska, The University Museum, 

 Philadelphia, 263 pp., 72 pis., 1934. 



2» Jochelson, W., Archeological Investigations in Kamchatka, Carnegie Inst. Wash- 

 ington, Publ. no. 388, pp. 1-88, 1928. 



