1 66 Memorial of George Brown Goodc. 



6. Oregon. The collections illustrate the rock formations of Northwest America, 

 including the lignite or coal deposits of the Cowlitz and Fraser River, the sand- 

 stones and clay slide occurring at intervals from Puget Sound into California, afford- 

 ing numerous organic remains of shells, echini, fish, etc., and the granites, basaltic 

 rocks, limestones, ores, etc., of the Territory. 



7. Upper California. 



8. The Sandwich Islands. A region of volcanoes of various ages from the great 

 gulf of Ivua Pele, where lakes of liquid fire still boil, to the lofty mountains of the 

 western islands of the group, which in the lapse of time have been so shattered by 

 convulsions and worn by an abrading sea, rains, and running water, that no distinct 

 trace remains of the vent or vents that ejected the successive layers of basaltic rock. 

 On account of this difference of age in the several parts of the group, we have not 

 only complete collections of modern lavas, but others illustrating the operations of 

 these fires for ages back. The late eruption of June, 1841, is well illustrated by 

 numerous specimens from its lavas or scoria, and from the sand hills and new beach 

 formed as the lavas entered the sea. The tops of the high mountains of Hawaii, 

 each about 14,000 feet in elevation, have also contributed to the collections, through 

 the exertion of the officers of the Vincennes, who were long engaged in explorations 

 on this island. 



9. Navigator or Samoan Islands, a region of ancient basaltic mountains and extinct 

 craters, some of whose twisted lavas and scoria seemed to be of quite recent origin. 



10. Society Islands, of similar structure, but with fewer evidences of modern vol- 

 canic action. 



11. Fiji Islands, also basaltic and containing some boiling springs. 



12. New Zealand, combining the craters, active and extinct, boiling springs, and 

 volcanic products of the other Polynesian islands, with granite rocks, sandstones, 

 and shales, and deposits of coal. 



13. New Holland, the collections from the coal region, including the fossil vege- 

 tation, and from the subjacent rocks which abound in organic remains, is probably 

 the most extensive that ever left the country. 



14. Philippine Islands, a region of granite and talcose rocks, sandstone, shales, and 

 limestone, with mines of gold, copper, lead, and coal, besides containing one of the 

 largest active volcanoes of the Fast Indies, and many extinct craters, boiling 

 springs, etc. 



15. Sooloo Sea, a region of numberless extinct craters or volcanic mountains and 

 abounding in coral reefs. 



16. Singapore. 



17. Cape of Good Hope. 



18. St. Helena. 



19. Cape Verde. 



20. Island of Madeira, mostly consisting of basaltic rocks, tufas, or lavas, and 

 remarkable for the grandeur of its mountain scenery, and the richness of its vegeta- 

 tion. 



21. The South Shetlands, which afforded large masses of sal ammoniac. 



22. Rocks and earth from the Antarctic land, taken from icebergs in its vicinity — 

 principally granite, basalt, and a red, compact, quartz rock or sandstone. 



To these should be added the collections from numerous coral islands, which include 

 not only specimens of dead coral rock, the material of the islands, but also various 

 living corals now growing about their shores. We leave the corals for the present, 

 as they require separate remark. 



The above will give some idea of the interest that attaches to the Expedition 

 collection. 



Besides the three cases in the Hall, to which I have alluded, two others are all 

 that, with due regard to the other departments, can be set apart for the sciences of 

 geology and mineralogy. There are already large collections of minerals waiting to 



