456 Memorial of George Bi'oivn Goode. 



Bache,' speedily followed by the beginning of investigations upon the 

 Gulf Stream, and of the researches of Count Pourtales into its fauna, 

 which laid the foundations of modern deep-sea exploration. Others 

 were the founding of the I^awrence Scientific School, the Cincinnati 

 Observatory, the Yale Analytical Laboratory, the celebration of the Cen- 

 tennial Jubilee of the American Philosophical Society in 1843, and the 

 enlargement of Silliman's American Journal of Science. 



The Naval Astronomical Expedition was sent to Chili, under Gilliss 

 (1849), to make observations upon the parallax of the sun. Lieutenant 

 Lynch was sent to Palestine (in 1848) at the head of an expedition to 

 explore the Jordan and the Dead Sea. 



Fremont conducted expeditions, in 1848, to explore the Rocky Moun- 

 tains and the territory beyond; and Stansbury, in 1849-50, a similar 

 exploration of the valley of the Great Salt Lake. David Dale Owen 

 was heading a Government geological survey in Wisconsin, Iowa, and 

 Minnesota (1848), and from all of these came results of importance to 

 science and to natural history. 



In 1849 Professor W. H. Harvey, of Dublin, visited America and col- 

 lected materials for his Nereis Boreali- Americana, which was the founda- 

 tion of our marine botany. 



Sir Charles Lyell, ex-president of the Geological Society of London, 

 visited the United States in 1841 and again in 1845, and published two 

 volumes of travels, which were, however, of much less importance than 

 the effects of his encouraging presence upon the rising school of American 

 geologists. His Principles of Geology, as has already been said, was an 

 epoch-making work, and he was to his generation almost what Darwin 

 was to the one which followed. 



Certain successes of our astronomers and physicists had a bearing upon 

 the progress of American science in all its departments which was, per- 

 haps, even greater than their actual importance would seem to warrant. 

 These were the discovery, by the Bards of Cambridge, of Bards comet in 

 1846, of the satellite Hyperion in 1848, of the third ring of Saturn in 

 1850, the discovery by Herrick and Bradley, in 1846, of the bi-partition 

 of Belas comet, and the application of the telegraph to longitude deter- 

 mination after Locke had constructed (in 1848) his clock for the regis- 

 tration of time observations by means of electro-magnetism. 



It is almost ludicrous at this day to observe the grateful sentiments 

 with which our men of science welcomed the adoption of this American 

 method in the observatory at Greenwich. Americans were still writhing 

 under the sting of Sidney Smith's demand, Who reads an American 

 book? and the narrations of those critical observers of national cus- 

 toms, Dickens, Basil Hall, and Mrs. Trollope. The continental approval 



' Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1849, 

 II, p. 164. 



