292 Bird - Lore 



Summer Residents Identified near the University of Virginia, continued 



A.O.U. A.O.U. 



718 — Carolina Wren 75 1 — Blue-gray Gnatcatcher 



721 — House Wren 755 — Wood Thrush 



724 — Short-billed Marsh Wren 756 — Veery (on Humpback) 



727 — White-breasted Nuthatch 761 — Robin 



731 — Tufted Titmouse 766 — Bluebird 



736 — Carolina Chickadee 



— J. Bowie Ferneyhough, Richmond, Va. (P. O. Box 1458). 



An Effort to Illustrate the Advantages and Possibilities of Inducing 



Desirable Birds to Remain within the Boundaries of 



the State During the Winter Months 



There seems no reason to doubt that the fall migration of several species is 

 due primarily to the absence of an adequate food-supply, and that heavy snows and 

 low extremes of temperature, while of some importance, are not vital factors in causing 

 this phenomenon. Proof of this is afforded when we find large flocks of Robins here 

 during some of our severest winters, detained by the various wild fruits, chief of which 

 is the hawthorn or thornapple (Crataegus). 



This beautiful shrub grows commonly throughout the foothill and adjacent plain 

 region from 5,000 to 8,000 feet, bearing fruit liked by many birds, such as Robins, 

 Jays, and numerous Finches. As it yields readily to cultivation and is in itself a beau- 

 tiful?ornamental shrub, its introduction and propagation in city parks and residence 

 districts is much to be desired. 



To illustrate its value to the avian world, a group containing a small clump of the 

 bushes has recently been finished, and is now on exhibition in the Bird Hall, showing 

 Robins, Solitaires, Jays, Juncos, Towhees, Song, Tree, and Gambel's Sparrows, feeding 

 on the seeds and berry pulp. 



Near by an insect-killed pine has been placed, with Rocky Mountain and Pygmy 

 Nuthatches, Rocky Mountain Creepers, and Long-tailed Chickadees, searching out 

 each crevice for eggs and larvae, while a large Rocky Mountain Hairy Woodpecker is 

 sounding for borers. 



This group is the first of a series of four, now planned, each exhibiting a season with 

 the characteristic birds at their work as man's most important ally. — T. Lincoln, 

 Acting Curator of Ornithology, Colorado Museum of Natural History, Denver, Col. 



Both of these communications offer practical suggestions, which have been 

 tested in at least one locaUty with success. By comparing the summer list of 

 birds identified at the University of Virginia by a class of seventy-five with the 

 list of a year obtained by a single boy, with hardly any assistance, in West 

 Virginia (see Bird-Lore, May- June, 1914), some idea may be had of the great 

 value of the "limited area" study as opposed to hit-or-miss observations in 

 various localities. 



These lists are in themselves of considerable interest, since they contain 

 the record of Carolinian, AUeghenian, and Canadian faunal differences within 

 specific areas. Compare them with lists which you may make in other places, 

 and note the differences of distribution. 



