346 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1924 



Pasco, with a branch from Oroya to Huancayo. The other goes 

 from Mollendo to Cuzco, with a branch from Juliaca to Lake Titi- 

 caca and on to La Paz. 



Another road goes on from Cuzco to Goyllarisquisca and a new 

 road is under construction from Cuzco down the Urubamba Valley 

 to Santa Ana. Several of the rivers of eastern Peru, branches of 

 the Amazon, are navigable. Iquitos in the northeast is the outlet 

 for all this part of Peru. Iquitos though 2,300 miles from the 

 mouth of the Amazon has an altitude of only 350 feet. There are 

 regular steamship connections with Manaos and Para in Brazil, at 

 which latter i^lace one can get steamers to the United States and 

 Europe. 



PRODUCTS OF PERU 



Agriculture and mining are the two great industries. Among 

 agricultural products sugar takes the lead and cotton is second. 

 These crops are raised chiefly in the irrigated valleys of the coastal 

 plain. In the Montana of the east coffee is important, and in cer- 

 tain localities coca. There is also some cacao and rice. Formerly 

 rubber was a very important product from the wild trees in eastern 

 Peru, but of late years the cultivated product from the East Indies 

 has replaced it. 



In the temperate regions of the Sierra the products are corn, 

 wheat, barley, alfalfa, potatoes, and beans (the broad bean of Eu- 

 rope). These crops are raised, under favorable conditions, up to 

 about 12,000 feet. 



The mineral products of Peru are numerous, with copper taking 

 the lead and silver second. Petroleum is increasing in importance. 



ITINERARY IN BOLIVIA 



After leaving Cuzco I went to La Paz, the capital of Bolivia, by 

 Avay of Juliaca and Lake Titicaca. The train leaves Cuzco in the 

 morning and, changing at Juliaca, arrives at Guaqui on Lake Titi- 

 caca in the evening. Here passengers take a small but comfortable 

 steamer, with cabins, and cross the lake during the night. Lake 

 Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, having an area of 

 about 3,200 square miles. It is 130 miles long and has a maximum 

 depth of 892 feet. The altitude is about 12,500 feet. The shores are 

 for the most part low rather than precipitous, and there are no high 

 mountains in the immediate vicinity. In the morning passengers 

 take the train for La Paz over a plateau which gradually rises to 

 13,500 feet at the rim of the valley in which lies the city. It is a 

 strikingly beautiful sight which meets the eye as one looks for the 

 first time over this rim to the city of La Paz spread out in the valley 

 1,500 feet below. The steep side of the valley is negotiated by a 

 winding electric road. 



