JOHN MIX STANLEY BUSHNELL 509 



Calif. He was placed under the immediate command of Captain 

 Emory, of the Topographical Corps, United States Army. At the 

 mouth of the Gila River they had a battle with some California ir- 

 regulars. This was during the time when General Flores, the 

 counter revolutionist, held Los Angeles and Commodore Stockton, 

 in opposition, held San Diego. In this march Mr. Stanley was also 

 in the actions at San Pasquale, Calif. In 1847 he proceeded north- 

 ward through California, and by July reached Oregon. He es- 

 caped, most narrowly, the massacre in which Dr. Marcus Whitman, 

 Mrs. Whitman, and 11 others were killed by a few Indian mal- 

 contents of the Cayuse Tribe. He was leaving the mission of 

 Walker and Eels at Fort Colville, intending to go to Doctor Whit- 

 man's mission. He was stopped by the actions of some Indian chil- 

 dren, who indicated danger by making gestures to turn him about 

 in the way. 



" In Oregon he made sketches of Mount Hood and of the Colum- 

 bia River, which river he navigated in canoe for nearly a thousand 

 miles, and later painted two pictures of Mount Hood. He then re- 

 turned to San Francisco, via Sacramento, and sought to take a cer- 

 tain ship for return to New York around Cape Horn, but was not 

 in time for that ship. It was lost at sea ; no lives were saved. Re- 

 turning on another vessel, he landed at Honolulu, where he re- 

 mained during most of the year 1848. During his stay he painted 

 the portraits of King Kamehameha III and of his Queen. These 

 portraits hang in the Government Museum at Honolulu, formerly 

 the Royal Palace. 



"Returning to this country, Mr. Stanley exhibited his collection 

 of pictures in 1850 at Troy and Albany, and in the following year at 

 New Haven, Hartford, and Washington, D. C. The collection now 

 included the portrait of Chief Hendrick of the Stockbridge Tribe. 



" In 1853 Mr. Stanley was appointed to be the artist of the expe- 

 dition sent by the Government of the United States to explore a 

 'Route for the Pacific Railroad near the forty-seventh and forty- 

 ninth parallels of latitude from St. Paul to Puget Sound.' Mr. Stan- 

 ley joined the expedition at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., where it was or- 

 ganized, but the actual start was from St. Paul. Isaac I. Stevens, 

 Governor of Washington Territory, was in command of the expe- 

 dition. In September, 1853, Mr. Stanley was sent on a special mis- 

 sion to the Piegan and returned with their chiefs, about 30 in number, 

 to a council with Governor Stevens at Fort Benton. 



"The Indians were impressed by Mr. Stanley's ability to make 

 pictures of them with his brush. Also the daguerreotype process 

 which he sometimes used was to them a thing inspired because pro- 

 duced by the light of the sun. 

 20397—25 34 



