510 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1924 



" In 1854 Mr. Stanley returned to Washington, where he remained 

 till 1863, when he removed to Buffalo, where he spent a year. In 

 1864 he began the painting 'Trial of Red Jacket,' a picture contain- 

 ing about 100 figures, and his most important single work. 

 It is now hung in the building of the Buffalo Historical Society, 

 Buffalo, N. Y. His paintings remained on exhibition in the Smith- 

 sonian Institution and only five of the collection escaped destruction 

 when the building was damaged by fire, January 24, 1865." 



In the catalogue issued in 1852, to which reference has already 

 been made, 151 pictures by Stanley were described. The last item 

 in the catalogue was "152, J. M. Stanley, The Artist. Painted by 

 A. B. Moore, 1851." 



The interesting old photograph reproduced in Plate 2, reveals a 

 corner of the picture gallery in the Smithsonian Building as it 

 appeared before the fire. The larger pictures were part of the 

 Stanley collection, but the smaller works on the left may have been 

 some of the Indian portraits by King and others. It will be remem- 

 bered that many important Indian pictures, in addition to those 

 which formed the Stanley collection, were destroyed by the fire. 



The descriptive list of the Stanley pictures, which appeared in the 

 catalogue in 1852, was reprinted in the " Guide to the Smithsonian 

 Institution and National Museum, 1861," consequently it would ap- 

 pear that no additions had been made to the collection during the in- 

 tervening years. However, Mr. L. C. Stanley is of the belief that the 

 painting hanging near the center of the group, as shown in Plate 2, 

 was a portrait of Gov. I. I. Stevens. It was not the portrait of his 

 father, the artist, number 152 in the list. 



The collection had evidently been deposited in the Smithsonian 

 Institution by the artist a short time before he became a member 

 of the expedition, which started in the spring of 1853. As a mem- 

 ber of the expedition he made a large number of sketches of the 

 various points of interest, and as a novel experiment he carried a 

 daguerreotype apparatus, probably the first taken up the Missouri. 

 In the report of the expedition is this note: "August 7, 1853. Mr. 

 Stanley, the artist, was busily occupied during our stay at Fort 

 Union with his daguerreotype apparatus, and the Indians were 

 greatly pleased with their daguerreotypes." (Reports of Explora- 

 tions and Surveys * * * from the Mississippi River to the 

 Pacific Ocean * * * 1853-1855. Vol. XII. Pt. I. 1860. p. 

 87.) 



After the collection had been deposited in the Smithsonian and 

 was open to the public, various attempts were made to have Congress 

 purchase it for the Nation, but without success. The pictures re- 

 mained the property of the artist, consequently their destruction 

 caused him a great personal loss. 



