202 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1899. 



line, while northeast of these, in the Permian region, the constant 

 recurrence of such names as Salt Fork, Salt Creek, etc., tell of the 

 prevalence of similar conditions." In addition to the brines there are 

 extensive beds of rock salt. That which is at present best developed 

 is located in the vicinity of Colorado City, in Mitchell County. The 

 bed of salt was found at a depth of 850 feet, with a thickness of 140 

 feet. In eastern Texas there are many low pieces of ground called 

 salines, where salt has been manufactured by evaporation of the brines 

 obtained from shallow wells. At the "Grand Saline," in Van Zandt 

 County, a bed of rock salt over 300 feet in thickness was found at a 

 depth of 225 feet. 



In England the salt occurs at Cheshire in two beds interstratified 

 with marls and clays. The upper, with a thickness varying from 80 

 to 90 feet, lies at a depth of some 120 feet below the surface, and the 

 second at a depth of 226 feet has a thickness varying between 96 and 

 117 feet. The accompanying general sections are from Davies' Earthy 

 and Other Economic Minerals. 



Detailed section of strata sunk through at Witton, near Northwich, to the lower bed of salt. 



Ft. In. 



1. Calcareous marl 15 



2. Indurated red clay , - - - - - 4 6 



3. Indurated blue clay and marl - 7 



4. Argillaceous marl - 1 



5. Indurated blue clay - - 1 



6. Red clay with sulphate of lime in irregular branches 4 



7. Indurated red clay with grains of sulphate of lime interspersed 4 



8. Indurated brown clay with sulphate of lime crystallized in irregular masses 



and in large jiroportions 12 



9. Indurated blue clay with laminae of sulphate of lime 4 6 



10. Argillaceous marl - "1 



11. Indurated brown clay laminated with sulphate of lime 3 



12. Indurated blue clay laminated with sulphate of lime 3 



13. Indurated red and blue clay 12 



14. Indurated brown clay with sand and sulphate of lime irregularly inter- 



spersed through it. The fresh water, at the rate of 360 gallons a 



minute, forced its way through this stratum 13 



15. Argillaceous marl 5 



16. Indurated blue clay with sand and grains of sulphate of lime 3 9 



17. Indurated brown clay as next above 15 



18. Blue clay as strata next above 1 6 



19. Brown clay as strata next above 7 



20. The top bed of rock salt 75 



21. Layers of indurated clay with veins of rock salt running through them. . . 31 6 



22. Lower bed of rock salt 115 



Total 341 9 



At Wieliczka, in Austrian Poland, the salt occurs in massive beds 

 stated to extend over an area some 20 by 500 miles, with a maximum 

 thickness of 1,200 feet. At Parajd, in Transylvania, beds belonging 



