THE NONMKTALLIC MINP]RALS. 



429 



2. BlTl^MEN SkRIES. 



Under this head arc included a scries of hvdrocarl)()n c<)ni]x:)unds 

 varying in phyi-iical properties from solid to gaseous and in color 

 from coal black through brown, greenish, red, and yellow to colorless. 

 Unlike the members of the series already described, they are not the 

 i-esidual products of plant decomposition Iqi siti/^ but are rather, in 

 part at least, distillation products from diM^ply 1)uried organic matter 

 of both animaland vegi'table origin. The diti'erent members of the series 

 differ so widely in their properties and uses that each must be dis- 

 cussed indejHMidently. The grouping of the various compounds as 

 given below is open to many objections from a strictly scientific stand- 

 point, but, all things considered, it seems best suited for the present 

 purposes.^ 



Tabular classlJica(io)i of Injdrocarbons.'^ 



Gaseous Marsh gas ( Natural gas). 



Fluidal Petrolenni ( Naphtha ) . 



Pittat^phalt (Maltha). 

 Mineral tar. 

 Asphalt. 



Elastic fElaterite. 



IWurtzillite. 

 [AUjertite. 



^^^^"^ I Grahamite. 



lUintaite. 



I Succinite. 

 Copalite. 

 Torbanite. 

 Ambrite. 

 /Ozokerite. 

 I Hatchettite. 



Bituminous . 



Viscous and semisolid. 



Cerous (waxy). 



'^ 





Tabular classification or grouping of natural and artifixnal biturninou.'t compounds. 



Mixed with limestone, "asphal- /Seyssel, Val de Travers, Lobsan, Illi- 

 tic limestone." I nois, and other localities. 



Mixed with silica and sand, "as- /California, Kentucky, Utah, and other 

 phaltic sand." I localities. "Bituminous silica." 



Mixed with earthy matter, "as- f ..,,„, ^ ,.. . ,, , 

 phaltic earth." ^Tnnidad, Cuba, C alit..rnia, L tah. 



iBituminous schists fCanada, California, Kentucky,' Virginia, 



I and other localities, 

 ■pj -^1 (Thick oils from the distillation of petro- 



"I leum. "Eesiduum." 

 /(las-tar. 

 \ Pitch. 



(Refined Trinidad asphaltic earth. Mas- 

 ^q\[(\ ) tic of asphaltite. 



(iritted asphaltic mastic. Paving com- 

 pounds. 



^See article What is Bitumen? by S. F. Peckham, Journal of the Franklin Insti- 

 tute, CXL, 1895, pp. 370 to 383. 



^ W. P. Blake, Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, XVIII, 

 1890, p. 582. 



Viscoui- 



